Processing keyword: 终于 (zhōng yú) - Finally, at last

Mandarin Grammar Point: 终于 (zhōng yú) - Finally, at last

终于 (zhōng yú) - Finally, at last

1. Introduction

The word "终于" (zhōng yú) is an adverb used in Mandarin to express the idea of something happening after a long wait, effort, or expectation. It can be translated to "finally" or "at last" in English. This word is commonly used in both spoken and written Chinese to indicate a sense of relief or completion.

2. Core Grammar Explanation

Detailed Explanation

"终于" is used to indicate that a long-anticipated event has occurred. It often emphasizes the speaker's feelings about the prolonged waiting period or difficulty.

Meaning, Structure, Formation Diagram

• Meaning: Indicates the realization of an expected outcome.
• Structure: The typical structure in sentences is as follows:
  Sentence: Subject + 终于 + Verb / Verb Phrase + Object

Visual Aid

Here is a simple diagram illustrating the structure:

[Subject] + 终于 + [Verb / Verb Phrase] + [Object]

3. Comparative Analysis

"终于" (zhōng yú) is similar to "才" (cái) which also indicates a delayed occurrence. However, "才" often implies that something happened later than expected, while "终于" emphasizes the finality of an event after significant delay or difficulty.

4. Examples in Context

Sentence Examples

1. Formal Written Context:

   • 经过长时间的努力，学生们终于完成了研究。(Jīng guò cháng shí jiān de nǔ lì, xué shēng men zhōng yú wán chéng le yán jiū.)
     (After a long period of effort, the students finally completed their research.)

2. Informal Spoken Context:

   • 我终于找到了我的钥匙！(Wǒ zhōng yú zhǎo dào le wǒ de yào shi!)
     (I finally found my keys!)

3. Expressing Emotion:

   • 等了这么久，我终于见到你了。(Děng le zhè me jiǔ, wǒ zhōng yú jiàn dào nǐ le.)
     (After waiting so long, I finally got to see you.)

5. Cultural Notes

Cultural Relevance

In Chinese culture, patience and perseverance are highly valued. Using "终于" often reflects an appreciation for the effort put into achieving something. It can also indicate a shared understanding in social interactions about the value of waiting for results.

Idiomatic Expressions

While “终于” itself is not directly part of a common idiom, it is frequently used in phrases related to achieving success or completing a task due to hard work.

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

A common mistake learners make is using "终于" with a negative context. "终于" should indicate a positive completion or resolution, not an unfortunate conclusion.

Learning Strategies

• Mnemonic Device: Think of "终于" as representing a journey that finally reaches its destination. The beginning (the journey) is often difficult, but the end (finally arriving) is rewarding.

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• "终于" means "finally" or "at last" and emphasizes the end of a long wait.
• It follows a specific sentence structure.
• Is different from "才," which highlights delays.

Quick Recap Quiz

1. What does "终于" mean in English?
2. Provide the structure of a sentence using "终于."
3. How is "终于" different from "才"? By understanding "终于," you can effectively express emotions related to anticipation and relief in Mandarin conversations.