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Korean Grammar Point
~(으)ㄴ/는데도 불구하고 [(eu)n/neundedo bulguhago] (Despite, in spite of)

~(으)ㄴ/는데도 불구하고 [(eu)n/neundedo bulguhago] (Despite, in spite of)

Short explanation:

This grammar point is used to express 'despite' or 'in spite of'.

Formation:

Adjective/Verb in past or present tense + ~(으)ㄴ/는데도 불구하고

Examples:

비가 오는데도 불구하고 그녀는 나가서 재미있게 놀았어요.
Biga oneundedo bulguhago geunyeoneun nagaseo jaemiitge nolatseoyo.
Despite the rain, she went out and had a good time.
그는 아픈데도 불구하고 학교에 갔어요.
Geuneun apeundedo bulguhago hakgyoe gasseoyo.
Despite being sick, he went to school.
원하는 결과를 얻지 못한데도 불구하고 우리는 계속 노력했어요.
Wonhaneun gyeolgwareul eodji mothanedo bulguhago urineun gyesok noryeokhaesseoyo.
Despite not getting the results we wanted, we continued to make efforts.
시험이 어려운데도 불구하고 그는 잘 했어요.
Siheomi eoryeounnedo bulguhago geuneun jal haesseoyo.
Despite the exam being difficult, he did well.

Long explanation:

'~(으)ㄴ/는데도 불구하고' is a long conjunction used in the Korean language to introduce a counter-expected situation or outcome despite a certain given factor or situation. This form translates to 'despite' or 'in spite of' in English. Using it, we can indicate that the event in the latter clause happens regardless of the situation described in the former clause.

Detailed Grammar notes:

Processing keyword: ~(으)ㄴ/는데도 불구하고 [(eu)n/neundedo bulguhago] (Despite, in spite of)

Korean Grammar Point: ~(으)ㄴ/는데도 불구하고 [(eu)n/neundedo bulguhago] (Despite, in spite of)

Grammar Point: ~(으)ㄴ/는데도 불구하고 (eu/n/neundedo bulguhago)

1. Introduction

In Korean, the phrase ~(으)ㄴ/는데도 불구하고 is used to convey the meaning of "despite" or "in spite of." It highlights a contrast between two clauses, typically showing that even though a certain situation exists, another outcome occurs.

2. Core Grammar Explanation

Detailed Explanation

The structure of this grammar point is as follows:

  1. Conjugation:
    • For verbs and adjecitves:
      • Use the stem form +(으)ㄴ for adjectives (같다 → 같은).
      • Use the verb + -는데 for action verbs (가다 → 가는데).
    • Combine this with 불구하고 which means "despite" or "in spite of." Structure:
  • Noun: Noun + 불구하고
  • Adjective: Adjective stem + (으)ㄴ/는데도 불구하고
  • Verb: Verb stem + -는데도 불구하고

Visual Aids

Type Structure Example Translation
Noun Noun + 불구하고 날씨가 추운데도 불구하고 갔다. It was cold, but we went despite that.
Adjective Adjective (으)ㄴ/는데도 불구하고 예쁜데도 불구하고 샀어요. I bought it despite it being pretty.
Verb Verb -는데도 불구하고 늦었는데도 불구하고 일어났어요. I woke up despite being late.

3. Comparative Analysis

  • Similar Grammar Point: ~지만 (jiman)
    • Difference: While ~지만 expresses a simple contrast (A but B), ~(으)ㄴ/는데도 불구하고 emphasizes a more significant contrast, showcasing a situation that seems contradictory or unexpected.
Grammar Point Meaning Example
~(으)ㄴ/는데도 불구하고 Despite that 비가 오는데도 불구하고 나갔어요.
~지만 But 비가 오지만 나갔어요.

4. Examples in Context

Sentence Examples

  1. Formal Context:
    • 비가 오는데도 불구하고 회의에 참석했습니다.
    • (Despite the rain, I attended the meeting.)
  2. Informal Context:
    • 수업 끝났는데도 불구하고 친구를 기다려.
    • (I’m waiting for my friend despite the class being over.)
  3. Written Context:
    • 온도가 낮았음에도 불구하고 수영을 하러 갔다.
    • (I went swimming despite the low temperature.)

5. Cultural Notes

Cultural Relevance

Using ~(으)ㄴ/는데도 불구하고 appropriately reflects a nuanced understanding of Korean politeness and formality. In formal situations, it’s common to emphasize the contrast more strongly.

Idiomatic Expressions

  • 사고가 났는데도 불구하고 (despite the accident)
  • 퇴근 후에도 불구하고 (despite not finishing work)

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

  • Common Mistake: Confusing it with ~지만 (jiman), which does not imply the same level of contrast.
  • Tip: Remember that ~(으)ㄴ/는데도 불구하고 is stronger and suggests an unexpected outcome.

Learning Strategies

  • Think of the phrase as "Even though A, B happens" to strengthen your grasp of its usage.

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

  • Use ~(으)ㄴ/는데도 불구하고 to express contrasting situations meaning “despite” or “in spite of.”
  • Differentiating from ~지만 (jiman) showcases a deeper level of discrepancy.

Quick Recap Quiz

  1. How do you form the structure for adjectives using ~(으)ㄴ/는데도 불구하고?
  2. Translate the sentence: "I went to the party despite being tired."
  3. Provide an example sentence using a noun with ~(으)ㄴ/는데도 불구하고.
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