Processing keyword: ~해주다 [haejuda] (Do for someone)

Korean Grammar Point: ~해주다 [haejuda] (Do for someone)

1. Introduction

In Korean, expressing actions done for someone else's benefit is essential for polite and considerate communication. The grammar point ~해주다 is used to indicate that you are performing an action for someone. Mastering this structure will enhance your ability to show kindness, make requests, and offer assistance in Korean.

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2. Core Grammar Explanation

Meaning

• ~해주다 combines an action verb with 주다 (to give) to express doing something for someone.

Structure

• Verb Stem + 아/어/해주다

Formation Diagram

Verb Type	Verb Stem Ending	Connective Ending	Form with ~주다
Verb ending with vowel ㅏ or ㅗ	받다 → 받	아주다	받아주다
Verb ending with other vowels	먹다 → 먹	어주다	먹어주다
하다 verbs	공부하다 → 공부하	해주다	공부해주다

Detailed Explanation

1. Identify the Verb Stem: Remove -다 from the dictionary form.
   • Example: 주다 (to give) → 주
2. Add the Appropriate Connective Ending:
   • If the last vowel is ㅏ or ㅗ, add 아주다.
   • If the last vowel is anything else, add 어주다.
   • For 하다 verbs, add 해주다.
3. Conjugate 주다 if Necessary: Adjust 주다 to match the tense and politeness level.
   • Example: 줘요, 줍니다, 줬어요

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3. Comparative Analysis

~해주다 vs. ~해보다

• ~해주다: Doing something for someone else.
  • 친구를 위해 음식을 만들어주었어요.
    (I made food for my friend.)
• ~해보다: Trying or attempting to do something.
  • 새로운 음식을 만들어봤어요.
    (I tried making new food.)

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4. Examples in Context

Sentence Examples

Formal Situations

1. 제가 설명해드리겠습니다.
   • I will explain it for you.
2. 고객님께 안내해드릴게요.
   • I will guide you, dear customer.

Informal Situations

1. 내가 도와줄게.
   • I'll help you.
2. 이 책을 읽어줄까?
   • Shall I read this book to you?

Written Context

1. 친절한 사람들이 길을 알려주었다.
   • Kind people showed me the way.
2. 선생님이 자료를 보내주셨다.
   • The teacher sent the materials.

Spoken Context

1. 사진 좀 찍어줄래요?
   • Can you take a picture for me?
2. 시간 있다면 같이 가르쳐줄 수 있어.
   • If you have time, I can teach you together.

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5. Cultural Notes

Cultural Relevance

• Hierarchy and Politeness: In Korean culture, it's crucial to show respect, especially when offering help. Using ~해주다 politely conveys assistance.
• Honorific Form: When the beneficiary is of higher status, use ~해드리다 instead of ~해주다.
  • 할머니께서 오시면 자리 안내해드리세요. (When grandmother arrives, please guide her to her seat.)

Idiomatic Expressions

1. 마음을 써주다
   To care about someone.
2. 시간을 내주다
   To make time for someone.

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6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

• Incorrect Connective Ending:
  • Incorrect: 공부*아주다
  • Correct: 공부*해주다
• Forgetting Honorifics:
  • Using 주다 instead of 드리다 when speaking to someone of higher status.

Learning Strategies

• Mnemonic Device: Imagine you're "giving" your action to someone else.
• Practice with Common Verbs: Apply ~해주다 to verbs you frequently use to get comfortable with the pattern.

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7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• ~해주다 is used to express doing an action for someone else's benefit.
• Formed by adding 아/어/해주다 to the verb stem.
• Adjust the formality by conjugating 주다 appropriately and using honorifics when needed.

Quick Recap Quiz

1. Translate: "Can you help me?" using ~해주다.
2. What's the honorific form of 주다?
3. Correct the mistake: 먹다 + 아주다 → 먹아주다

Answers:

1. 도와줄 수 있어요?
2. 드리다
3. Correct Form: 먹어주다

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By incorporating ~해주다 into your speech, you'll communicate more naturally and respectfully in Korean, enhancing your interactions and conveying thoughtfulness.

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