Processing keyword: ~해주다 [haejuda] (Do for someone)

Korean Grammar Point: ~해주다 [haejuda] (Do for someone)

~해주다 [haejuda] (Do for someone)

1. Introduction

In Korean, expressing actions done for someone else's benefit is essential for polite and considerate communication. The grammar point ~해주다 is used to indicate that you are performing an action for someone. Mastering this structure will enhance your ability to show kindness, make requests, and offer assistance in Korean.

2. Core Grammar Explanation

Meaning

• ~해주다 combines an action verb with 주다 (to give) to express doing something for someone.

Structure

• Verb Stem + 아/어/해주다

Formation Diagram

Detailed Explanation

1. Identify the Verb Stem: Remove -다 from the dictionary form.
   • Example: 주다 (to give) → 주
2. Add the Appropriate Connective Ending:
   • If the last vowel is ㅏ or ㅗ, add 아주다.
   • If the last vowel is anything else, add 어주다.
   • For 하다 verbs, add 해주다.
3. Conjugate 주다 if Necessary: Adjust 주다 to match the tense and politeness level.
   • Example: 줘요, 줍니다, 줬어요

3. Comparative Analysis

~해주다 vs. ~해보다

• ~해주다: Doing something for someone else.
  • 친구를 위해 음식을 만들어주었어요.
    (I made food for my friend.)
• ~해보다: Trying or attempting to do something.
  • 새로운 음식을 만들어봤어요.
    (I tried making new food.)

4. Examples in Context

Sentence Examples

Formal Situations

1. 제가 설명해드리겠습니다.
   • I will explain it for you.
2. 고객님께 안내해드릴게요.
   • I will guide you, dear customer.

Informal Situations

1. 내가 도와줄게.
   • I'll help you.
2. 이 책을 읽어줄까?
   • Shall I read this book to you?

Written Context

1. 친절한 사람들이 길을 알려주었다.
   • Kind people showed me the way.
2. 선생님이 자료를 보내주셨다.
   • The teacher sent the materials.

Spoken Context

1. 사진 좀 찍어줄래요?
   • Can you take a picture for me?
2. 시간 있다면 같이 가르쳐줄 수 있어.
   • If you have time, I can teach you together.

5. Cultural Notes

Cultural Relevance

• Hierarchy and Politeness: In Korean culture, it's crucial to show respect, especially when offering help. Using ~해주다 politely conveys assistance.
• Honorific Form: When the beneficiary is of higher status, use ~해드리다 instead of ~해주다.
  • 할머니께서 오시면 자리 안내해드리세요. (When grandmother arrives, please guide her to her seat.)

Idiomatic Expressions

1. 마음을 써주다
   To care about someone.
2. 시간을 내주다
   To make time for someone.

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

• Incorrect Connective Ending:
  • Incorrect: 공부*아주다
  • Correct: 공부*해주다
• Forgetting Honorifics:
  • Using 주다 instead of 드리다 when speaking to someone of higher status.

Learning Strategies

• Mnemonic Device: Imagine you're "giving" your action to someone else.
• Practice with Common Verbs: Apply ~해주다 to verbs you frequently use to get comfortable with the pattern.

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• ~해주다 is used to express doing an action for someone else's benefit.
• Formed by adding 아/어/해주다 to the verb stem.
• Adjust the formality by conjugating 주다 appropriately and using honorifics when needed.

Quick Recap Quiz

1. Translate: "Can you help me?" using ~해주다.
2. What's the honorific form of 주다?
3. Correct the mistake: 먹다 + 아주다 → 먹아주다

Answers:

1. 도와줄 수 있어요?
2. 드리다
3. Correct Form: 먹어주다

By incorporating ~해주다 into your speech, you'll communicate more naturally and respectfully in Korean, enhancing your interactions and conveying thoughtfulness.