Processing keyword: ~할 거예요 [hal geoyeyo] (Going to do)
Korean Grammar Point: ~할 거예요 [hal geoyeyo] (Going to do)
1. Introduction
In this lesson, we'll explore the Korean grammar point ~할 거예요 [hal geoyeyo], which is used to express future plans or intentions, similar to "going to do" in English. Understanding this construction is essential for discussing future activities and making plans in Korean.
2. Core Grammar Explanation
Meaning
The expression ~할 거예요 is used to indicate a future action or intention. It conveys that the speaker plans to do something or that something is going to happen.
Structure
The structure combines the verb stem with -ㄹ/을 거예요:
- Verb Stem + -ㄹ/을 거예요
Formation Diagram
[ Verb Stem ] + -ㄹ/을 거예요
Detailed Explanation
- Verb Stem: Remove 다 from the dictionary form of the verb.
- Choose the correct future tense marker:
- If the verb stem ends with a vowel, add -ㄹ 거예요.
- If the verb stem ends with a consonant, add -을 거예요.
Visual Aid: Formation Table
| Verb (Dictionary Form) | Verb Stem | Ending with Vowel/Consonant | Future Form |
|---|---|---|---|
| 가다 (to go) | 가 | Vowel | 갈 거예요 (will go) |
| 먹다 (to eat) | 먹 | Consonant | 먹을 거예요 (will eat) |
| 배우다 (to learn) | 배우 | Vowel | 배울 거예요 (will learn) |
| 듣다 (to listen) | 듣 | Consonant | 들을 거예요 (will listen) |
3. Comparative Analysis
Comparison with Other Future Tense Forms
겠습니다 (getseumnida): Formal future tense, often used in formal speeches and writings.ㄹ/을게요 (l/eulgeyo): Expresses the speaker's intention or promise, often implying consideration of the listener's feelings. Nuance Differences:- ~할 거예요 is neutral and commonly used in everyday conversation to state future plans.
- ~ㄹ게요 is more about making a commitment or promise, often in response to someone else.
4. Examples in Context
Formal Context
- 내일 회의에 참석할 거예요.
- Naeil hoeuie chamseokhal geoyeyo.
- "I will attend the meeting tomorrow."
Informal Context
- 주말에 뭐 할 거야?
- Jumare mwo hal geoya?
- "What are you going to do on the weekend?"
Written Context
- 저는 한국어를 배울 거예요.
- Jeoneun hangugeoreul baeul geoyeyo.
- "I am going to learn Korean."
Spoken Context
- 우리 영화 볼 거예요. 같이 갈래요?
- Uri yeonghwa bol geoyeyo. Gachi gallaeyo?
- "We're going to watch a movie. Do you want to go together?"
5. Cultural Notes
Levels of Politeness and Formality
- ~거예요 [geoyeyo] is polite and suitable for most situations.
- For casual speech among close friends, ~거야 [geoya] is used.
- In formal settings, especially in business or with elders, consider using honorifics or more formal future tense forms.
Idiomatic Expressions Using ~할 거예요
- 생각할 거예요: "I will think about it." Often used to politely decline or postpone a decision.
6. Common Mistakes and Tips
Error Analysis
- Using the wrong future tense marker:
- Incorrect: 가을 거예요 (from 가다)
- Correct: 갈 거예요
- Forgetting to remove 다 from the verb:
- Incorrect: 가다을 거예요
- Correct: 갈 거예요
Learning Strategies
- Mnemonic Device: Remember that -ㄹ attaches to vowel endings, and -을 attaches to consonant endings.
- Practice Conjugation: Write out conjugations for several verbs to become comfortable with the pattern.
7. Summary and Review
Key Takeaways
- ~할 거예요 is used to express future plans or intentions.
- Attach -ㄹ 거예요 to verb stems ending with a vowel.
- Attach -을 거예요 to verb stems ending with a consonant.
Quick Recap Quiz
- How do you say "I will eat" using ~할 거예요?
- Answer: 먹을 거예요.
- Convert 보다 (to see) to the future tense using ~할 거예요.
- Answer: 볼 거예요.
- What is the difference between ~할 거예요 and ~할게요?
- Answer: ~할 거예요 states a future plan neutrally, while ~할게요 expresses a commitment or promise considering the listener.
By mastering ~할 거예요, you can confidently talk about your future plans in Korean!