Processing keyword: ~하여야만 [hayeoyaman] (Only by doing)

Korean Grammar Point: ~하여야만 [hayeoyaman] (Only by doing)

~하여야만 [hayeoyaman] (Only by doing)

1. Introduction

In learning Korean, understanding various grammar structures is essential to express nuanced meanings. One such structure is ~하여야만 (hayeoyaman), which emphasizes that only by performing a certain action can a specific result be achieved. This lesson will delve into the usage of ~하여야만, providing clear explanations, examples, and tips to help you grasp this grammar point effectively.

2. Core Grammar Explanation

Meaning

The grammar pattern ~하여야만 means "only if... do" or "only by doing...". It is used to stress that a particular result can only occur if a specific action is taken.

Structure

The structure combines a verb stem with the ending ~하여야만.

• Verb stem + 하여야만

Formation Diagram

[Verb Stem] + 하여야만

Conjugation Rules

1. For verbs ending with '하다':
   • 하다 ➔ 하여야만
2. For other verbs:
   • Verb Stem + -아/어야만
   • This is a variation where ~아/어야만 is used instead of ~하여야만.

Examples of Conjugation

3. Comparative Analysis

~하여야만 vs. ~해야만

• Both ~하여야만 and ~해야만 are used to express the same meaning.
• ~하여야만 is slightly more formal and often used in written language.
• ~해야만 is more commonly used in spoken language. ~하면만
• Incorrect usage. The correct form is ~해야만 or ~하여야만.

4. Examples in Context

Formal Written Context

1. 성공을 하여야만 꿈을 이룰 수 있습니다. Seonggong-eul hayeoyaman kkum-eul irul su issseumnida. Only by succeeding can you achieve your dreams.
2. 노력하여야만 목표를 달성할 수 있다. Noryeokhayeoyaman mokpyoreul dalseonghal su itda. Only by making an effort can you achieve your goals.

Informal Spoken Context

1. 열심히 공부해야만 시험에 합격해. Yeolsimhi gongbuhaeyaman siheom-e hapgyeokhae. Only by studying hard will you pass the exam.
2. 지금 떠나야만 시간에 맞출 수 있어. Jigeum tteonayaman sigan-e matchul su isseo. Only by leaving now can we make it on time.

Contextual Variations

• 건강을 지키려면 운동해야만 해. Geongang-eul jikiryemyeon undonghaeyaman hae. To stay healthy, you must exercise.

5. Cultural Notes

Levels of Politeness and Formality

• ~하여야만 is more formal and is suitable for written communication, official speeches, or formal situations.
• In casual conversation, Koreans prefer ~해야만 or even just ~해야.

Idiomatic Expressions

• 노력해야만 결과가 있다. Only by making an effort will there be results.

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Common Mistakes

1. Using only one part of the grammar:
   • Incorrect: 공부하여만 합격할 수 있다.
   • Correct: 공부하여야만 합격할 수 있다.
   • Tip: Ensure that ~하여야만 is used entirely without omitting 야.
2. Misplacing the grammar in the sentence:
   • Incorrect: 합격할 수 있다 공부하여야만.
   • Correct: 공부하여야만 합격할 수 있다.

Tips

• Mnemonic Device: Think of 하여야만 as "Only if I have to do (하여야) it only (만) can I achieve the result."
• Remember that 만 adds the meaning of "only," emphasizing the necessity of the action.

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• ~하여야만 is used to express that only by doing something will a certain result occur.
• It is formed by attaching ~하여야만 to the verb stem.
• More formal than ~해야만, suitable for written contexts.
• Be careful with the placement and ensure the full grammar pattern is used.

Quick Recap Quiz

1. How do you express "Only by eating well can you stay healthy" using ~하여야만?
   • Answer: 잘 먹어야만 건강을 유지할 수 있다.
2. What is the informal spoken form of ~하여야만?
   • Answer: ~해야만
3. True or False: ~하면만 is a correct grammar structure.
   • Answer: False

By understanding and practicing ~하여야만, you'll be able to convey necessity and exclusivity in your Korean sentences effectively. Keep practicing with different verbs to become more comfortable with this grammar point.