Processing keyword: ~하려고 [haryeogo] (In order to)

Korean Grammar Point: ~하려고 [haryeogo] (In order to)

TOPIK Grammar Point: ~하려고 [haryeogo] (In order to)

1. Introduction

The grammar point ~하려고 [haryeogo] is used to express an intention or purpose, often translating to "in order to" in English. It conveys that a certain action is taken with a specific goal in mind.

2. Core Grammar Explanation

2.1 Detailed Explanation

• Meaning: The suffix ~하려고 indicates intention or purpose for an action that will follow. It implies that the action is not just done randomly, but is directed towards achieving a particular outcome.

2.2 Structure

• Structure: Verb Stem + 하려고
• The verb must be in its base form (the stem) before adding ~하려고.

Example Structure Diagram

[Verb Stem] + 하려고 → To (Verb) in order to...
Ex: 가다 (gada: to go) → 가려고 (garyeogo: in order to go)

2.3 Visual Aids

3. Comparative Analysis

• ~려고 [ryeogo]: Often used interchangeably with ~하려고, but ~려고 can also be used in more casual contexts.
• ~기 위해 [gi wihae]: Another way to express purpose, but it is more formal and can carry different nuances, such as being more explicit about effort or the reason for the action.

Comparison Table

4. Examples in Context

4.1 Sentence Examples

1. Informal:
   • 학교에 가려고 해요.
     (I am going to school in order to.)
2. Formal:
   • 한국어를 배우려고 노력하고 있습니다.
     (I am trying to learn Korean in order to...)
3. Spoken Context:
   • 친구를 만나려고 해요.
     (I am going to meet a friend in order to...)
4. Written Context:
   • 프로젝트를 성공적으로 완료하려고 계획을 세웠습니다.
     (I made plans in order to successfully complete the project.)

5. Cultural Notes

5.1 Cultural Relevance

Using ~하려고 reflects a level of intention and politeness. In Korean culture, expressing your intentions clearly is often appreciated, especially in formal or professional settings. It's also common to soften intentions when speaking with elders or in formal situations, showing respect.

5.2 Idiomatic Expressions

Common expressions:

• 열심히 공부하려고 해요 (I am trying hard to study in order to...)

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

6.1 Error Analysis

• Mistake: Directly translating the English "to" without changing the verb form.
  • Correction: Remember to change the verb to its stem form before adding 하려고.

6.2 Learning Strategies

• Mnemonic: Think of "하려고" as "hard to achieve something," since it indicates intention.

7. Summary and Review

7.1 Key Takeaways

• ~하려고 is used to indicate intention, translating to "in order to."
• It follows the verb stem and is used in informal and semi-formal contexts.
• It emphasizes the purpose behind the action.

7.2 Quick Recap Quiz

1. What does ~하려고 signify in a sentence?
2. How do you form a verb with ~하려고?
3. In what contexts would you use ~하려고 versus ~기 위해? You can practice by forming sentences with your own verbs using ~하려고!