Processing keyword: ~진행하다 [jinhaenghada] (To proceed)

Korean Grammar Point: ~진행하다 [jinhaenghada] (To proceed)

1. Introduction

The verb 진행하다 in Korean translates to "to proceed," "to progress," or "to carry out." It's a commonly used verb that describes the action of moving forward with an activity, event, or process. Understanding how to use 진행하다 will enhance your ability to discuss ongoing actions and planned activities in Korean.

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2. Core Grammar Explanation

Meaning and Usage

진행하다 is a transitive verb used to indicate that a subject is actively proceeding with or carrying out an action or event. It conveys:

• Progression of events: Describing how an event is moving forward.
• Execution of tasks: Indicating that tasks or activities are being carried out.
• Continuation of processes: Expressing that a process is ongoing.

Structure

The basic sentence structure using 진행하다 is:

[Subject] + [Object] + 진행하다

• Subject (주어): The person or entity performing the action.
• Object (목적어): The task, event, or process being carried out.
• 진행하다 (동사): The verb "to proceed."

Example Structure

Subject (주어)	Object (목적어)	Verb (동사)
우리는	회의를	진행합니다
(We)	(meeting)	(proceed)

Conjugation

진행하다 follows the regular conjugation patterns for Korean verbs ending with -하다.

Present Tense

• Formal Polite: 진행합니다
• Informal Polite: 진행해요
• Casual: 진행해

Past Tense

• Formal Polite: 진행했습니다
• Informal Polite: 진행했어요
• Casual: 진행했어

Future Tense

• Formal Polite: 진행할 것입니다
• Informal Polite: 진행할 거예요
• Casual: 진행할 거야

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3. Comparative Analysis

진행하다 vs. 진행되다

• 진행하다 (Active Voice): The subject actively proceeds with the action.
  • 예: 우리는 프로젝트를 진행합니다.
    • We proceed with the project.
• 진행되다 (Passive Voice): The action is being proceeded with, often without specifying the doer.
  • 예: 프로젝트가 진행됩니다.
    • The project is proceeding.

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4. Examples in Context

Formal Context

1. 세미나를 시작하겠습니다. 모두 자리에 앉아 주시면 진행하겠습니다.
   • We will start the seminar. Once everyone is seated, we will proceed.
2. 회의가 예정대로 진행되었습니다.
   • The meeting proceeded as scheduled.

Informal Context

1. 지금 어떤 일을 진행하고 있어요?
   • What work are you proceeding with now?
2. 그 계획은 어떻게 진행할 거야?
   • How are you going to proceed with that plan?

Written Context

1. 프로젝트는 다음 단계로 진행합니다.
   • The project proceeds to the next stage.
2. 연구를 지속적으로 진행할 예정입니다.
   • We plan to proceed continuously with the research.

Spoken Context

1. 행사가 순조롭게 진행되고 있어요.
   • The event is proceeding smoothly.
2. 수업을 계속 진행해도 될까요?
   • May I proceed with the class?

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5. Cultural Notes

Politeness Levels

Korean language has distinct levels of formality and politeness that affect verb endings.

• Formal Polite (높임말): Used in professional settings or with elders.
  • 진행합니다, 진행했습니다, 진행할 것입니다
• Informal Polite (반높임말): Common in everyday conversation among peers.
  • 진행해요, 진행했어요, 진행할 거예요
• Casual (반말): Used with close friends or those younger.
  • 진행해, 진행했어, 진행할 거야

Social Norms

Using the correct formality level is crucial in Korean culture to show respect and maintain proper social relationships.

Idiomatic Expressions

• 일정대로 진행하다
  • To proceed according to schedule.
  • 프로젝트를 일정대로 진행하고 있습니다.
    • We are proceeding with the project according to schedule.
• 무리 없이 진행하다
  • To proceed without issues.
  • 행사가 무리 없이 진행되었어요.
    • The event proceeded without issues.

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6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

• Mixing Up Active and Passive Forms:
  • Incorrect: 프로젝트를 진행되었어요.
    • Error: Using passive 진행되다 with an object.
  • Correct: 프로젝트를 진행했어요.
    • Use active 진행하다 when the subject is performing the action.
• Incorrect Politeness Level:
  • Using casual speech in formal settings can be considered rude.
    • Incorrect: 회의를 진행해.
    • Correct: 회의를 진행합니다.

Learning Strategies

• Remember the Verb Ending "-하다":
  • Verbs ending with -하다 are often action verbs meaning "to do" something.
  • Associate 진행하다 with "doing progression" to recall it's an active verb.
• Practice with Real-Life Scenarios:
  • Create sentences about your daily activities using 진행하다 to become comfortable with its usage.

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7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• 진행하다 is an active verb meaning "to proceed" or "to carry out."
• It is used to describe progressing actions, events, or processes.
• Be attentive to the politeness level and the distinction between 진행하다 (active) and 진행되다 (passive).

Quick Recap Quiz

1. Translate to Korean: "The project proceeded smoothly."
   • Answer: 프로젝트가 순조롭게 진행되었어요.
2. What is the informal polite present tense of 진행하다?
   • Answer: 진행해요
3. Fill in the blank with the correct form of 진행하다 or 진행되다:
   • 수업은 계획대로 __________.
   • Answer: 진행되었습니다.

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By understanding and practicing 진행하다, you'll be better equipped to discuss ongoing actions and plans in Korean, enhancing both your conversational and formal communication skills.

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