Processing keyword: ~을지라도 [euljirado] (Even if)
Korean Grammar Point: ~을지라도 [euljirado] (Even if)
1. Introduction
In this lesson, we'll explore the Korean grammar point ~을지라도 (~euljirado), which translates to "even if" or "even though" in English. This expression is used to indicate that the result in the main clause remains the same regardless of the condition stated in the preceding clause.
2. Core Grammar Explanation
Meaning
~을지라도 is a conjunctive ending that expresses concession or contrast. It signifies that even if the condition in the first clause is true, it doesn't affect the outcome in the second clause.
Structure
The basic structure is:
- Verb/Adjective/Noun stem + ~을지라도
Formation
For Verbs and Adjectives:
- Stems ending with a consonant: Add ~을지라도
- Stems ending with a vowel: Add ~ㄹ지라도
For Nouns:
- Add ~일지라도 directly after the noun.
Formation Diagram
| Word Type | Stem Ending | Conjugation |
|---|---|---|
| Verb/Adjective (consonant) | 먹다 (to eat) | 먹을지라도 |
| Verb/Adjective (vowel) | 가다 (to go) | 가ㄹ지라도 |
| Noun | 학생 (student) | 학생일지라도 |
3. Comparative Analysis
- ~아/어도: Also means "even if," but is more commonly used in everyday speech and is less formal.
- ~더라도: Similar in meaning to ~을지라도, but slightly less formal and often used in both spoken and written language.
- ~는데도 불구하고: Means "despite" or "in spite of," emphasizing the unexpectedness of the outcome. Comparison Table
| Grammar Point | Formality | Usage Context |
|---|---|---|
| ~을지라도 | Formal | Written, formal speeches |
| ~더라도 | Neutral | Spoken and written |
| ~아/어도 | Informal | Everyday conversation |
4. Examples in Context
Formal Context Examples
- 시간이 없을지라도 약속은 지켜야 합니다.
- Even if you don't have time, you must keep your promise.
- 그가 누구일지라도 법 앞에서는 평등하다.
- Even if no matter who he is, everyone is equal before the law.
- 노력이 헛될지라도 최선을 다해야 한다.
- Even if the effort may be in vain, you must do your best.
Informal Context Examples
Note: ~을지라도 is formal; in informal situations, use ~아/어도 or ~더라도.
- 비가 와도 갈 거예요.
- Even if it rains, I'll go.
- 돈이 없어도 행복할 수 있어요.
- Even if you're without money, you can be happy.
5. Cultural Notes
Politeness and Formality
- ~을지라도 is typically used in formal writing, speeches, literature, and news articles.
- Using this grammar point adds a level of sophistication and formality to your speech or writing.
Idiomatic Expressions
- 죽을지라도 해야 한다.
- Even if I die, I must do it.
- Expresses strong determination.
- 어떠한 어려움이 있을지라도 포기하지 않겠다.
- Even if there are any difficulties, I won’t give up.
6. Common Mistakes and Tips
Error Analysis
- Mixing Up Endings: Confusing ~을지라도 with ~을지도 모르다 (might/may).
- Incorrect: 비가 올지도 모르다. (Means "It might rain.")
- Correct: 비가 올지라도 간다. (Means "Even if it rains, I'll go.")
- Incorrect Attachment to Nouns: Forgetting to use ~일지라도 with nouns.
- Incorrect: 학생을지라도 참여할 수 있다.
- Correct: 학생일지라도 참여할 수 있다.
Learning Strategies
- Remember the Formality: Associate ~을지라도 with formal contexts to avoid using it in casual conversation.
- Practice with Formal Sentences: Write sentences as if you are delivering a speech or writing an essay.
7. Summary and Review
Key Takeaways
- ~을지라도 is a formal grammatical structure meaning "even if" or "even though."
- Used primarily in formal writing and speeches.
- Conjugation depends on whether the stem ends with a consonant, vowel, or is a noun.
Quick Recap Quiz
- Fill in the Blank: 행복할지라도 웃지 않았다.
- Even if he/she is happy, he/she didn't smile.
- True or False: ~을지라도 is commonly used in casual conversation.
- Answer: False.
- Conjugate the Verb: 만들다 (to make) with ~을지라도.
- Answer: 만들지라도
By understanding and practicing ~을지라도, you can enhance your Korean language skills, especially in formal contexts. Remember to consider the level of formality required in your speech or writing to choose the appropriate grammar point.