Processing keyword: ~에 근거하여 [e geungeohayeo] (Based on)

Korean Grammar Point: ~에 근거하여 [e geungeohayeo] (Based on)

~에 근거하여 [e geungeohayeo] (Based on)

1. Introduction

In Korean, expressing the basis or foundation of an action, opinion, or decision is essential for clear communication, especially in formal contexts. The grammatical expression ~에 근거하여 [e geungeohayeo] translates to "based on" in English. It's commonly used to indicate that something is founded on certain information, evidence, or criteria. This lesson will delve into the usage of ~에 근거하여, providing detailed explanations, comparisons with similar expressions, and practical examples to enhance your understanding.

2. Core Grammar Explanation

Meaning and Usage

~에 근거하여 is used to indicate that an action or conclusion is based on a particular foundation or evidence.

• Meaning: Based on; On the basis of
• Usage: To express that something is founded upon specific information, data, or grounds.

Structure and Formation

The structure of ~에 근거하여 is:

[Noun] + 에 근거하여

Breakdown:

1. Noun: The basis or foundation (e.g., 정보 - information, 연구 결과 - research results)
2. 에: Particle indicating location or basis ("at," "on," or "in")
3. 근거하여: Connective form of the verb 근거하다 (to be based on), meaning "based on"

Formation Diagram

Example of Structure

• 연구 결과에 근거하여: Based on research results
  • 연구 결과: Research results (Noun)
  • 에: On (Particle)
  • 근거하여: Based on (Verb connective form)

3. Comparative Analysis

Comparison with ~를 바탕으로 (Based on; Using as a foundation)

While both ~에 근거하여 and ~를 바탕으로 can translate to "based on," they have subtle differences:

• ~에 근거하여
  • Usage: Emphasizes reliance on concrete evidence or data
  • Formality: More formal, used in academic or professional contexts
• ~를 바탕으로
  • Usage: Implies using something as a foundation or basis, can be more abstract
  • Formality: Used in both formal and informal contexts Examples:

1. ~에 근거하여
   • 보고서에 근거하여 결정을 내렸습니다.
     • We made a decision based on the report.
2. ~를 바탕으로
   • 경험을 바탕으로 조언을 해주었습니다.
     • I gave advice based on my experience.

4. Examples in Context

Formal Context

1. 연구 결과에 근거하여 새로운 이론을 제시했습니다.
   • We presented a new theory based on the research results.
2. 법률에 근거하여 조치를 취할 것입니다.
   • We will take action based on the law.

Informal Context

3. 그의 이야기에 근거하여 판단하지 마세요.
   • Don't judge based on his story.
4. 날씨 정보에 근거하여 여행을 계획했어요.
   • I planned the trip based on the weather information.

Written Language

5. 통계 자료에 근거하여 보고서를 작성했습니다.
   • I wrote the report based on statistical data.
6. 사실에 근거하여 진술해야 합니다.
   • You should testify based on facts.

Spoken Language

7. 증거에 근거하여 결론을 내릴 수 있을까요?
   • Can we draw a conclusion based on the evidence?
8. 이 자료에 근거하여 의견을 말씀해주세요.
   • Please give your opinion based on this material.

5. Cultural Notes

Cultural Relevance

In Korean culture, especially in formal and professional settings, it's important to back up statements with evidence or reliable sources. Using expressions like ~에 근거하여 shows that you're providing information or making decisions based on credible foundations, which enhances trust and legitimacy.

Levels of Politeness and Formality

• ~에 근거하여 is inherently formal and polite.
• Commonly used in:
  • Academic writing
  • Legal documents
  • Professional presentations
• In casual conversations, Koreans might opt for simpler expressions, but using ~에 근거하여 is acceptable when emphasizing the basis of your statement.

Idiomatic Expressions

• 증거에 근거하여: Based on evidence
• 사실에 근거하여: Based on fact
• These expressions are frequently used in legal and academic contexts.

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Common Mistakes

1. Mixing up particles
   • Incorrect: 정보를 근거하여
   • Correct: 정보에 근거하여 Using 에 is essential because it indicates the basis or source.
2. Incorrect verb form
   • Incorrect: 근거해서
   • Correct: 근거하여 Use the connective form 근거하여 instead of 근거해서.
3. Overusing in informal speech
   • Issue: Using ~에 근거하여 in casual conversations where it's too formal.
   • Tip: Opt for simpler expressions like ~을/를 보고 (looking at) or ~에 따라 (according to) in informal settings.

Learning Strategies

• Mnemonic Device:
  • 근거 (geungeo) sounds like "ground" – think of it as the "ground" on which something stands.
  • Associate 에 근거하여 with "on the ground of" to remember it's "based on."
• Practice with Nouns:
  • Make a list of nouns you often use and pair them with 에 근거하여.
  • Example: 데이터에 근거하여 (based on data), 보고서에 근거하여 (based on the report)

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• ~에 근거하여 means "based on" and is used to indicate the foundation of an action or statement.
• Structure: [Noun] + 에 근거하여
• It's a formal expression suitable for academic, legal, or professional contexts.
• Be mindful of particles and verb forms to avoid common mistakes.

Quick Recap Quiz

1. Fill in the blank: 우리는 새로운 정책을 수립했습니다. (시장 조사 __ 근거하여)
   • Answer: 에
   • Full Sentence: 우리는 시장 조사에 근거하여 새로운 정책을 수립했습니다.
   • Translation: We established new policies based on market research.
2. True or False: It's appropriate to use ~에 근거하여 in casual conversations with close friends.
   • Answer: False
   • Explanation: ~에 근거하여 is formal and more suitable for formal contexts.
3. Identify the error: 그 자료를 근거해서 결론을 내렸어요.
   • Error: Using 근거해서 instead of 근거하여 and incorrect particle 를.
   • Correction: 그 자료에 근거하여 결론을 내렸어요.
   • Translation: We drew a conclusion based on that data.

By mastering ~에 근거하여, you can effectively express the basis of your thoughts, decisions, and statements in Korean, enhancing your communication in formal contexts.