Processing keyword: ~바라다 [barada] (Hope to)

Korean Grammar Point: ~바라다 [barada] (Hope to)

Korean Grammar Lesson: ~바라다 [barada] (Hope to)

1. Introduction

In Korean, expressing hope or a wish is a common aspect of daily communication. The grammar construction ~바라다 is used to convey the speaker's wishes or hopes regarding a situation or action. This lesson will delve into the usage of ~바라다, its formation, and how it differs from similar expressions.

2. Core Grammar Explanation

Meaning

~바라다 translates to "to hope" or "to wish" in English. It's used when the speaker wants to express a desire or wish for something to happen.

Structure

The construction combines a verb or adjective with ~기(를) 바라다 or ~아/어 주시기 바라다 for more formal requests.

Formation Diagram

[Verb/Adjective Stem] + 기를 바라다

Components

• Verb/Adjective Stem: The base form of the verb or adjective without the '다' ending.
• 기를 바라다: The expression meaning "hope to" or "wish to".

Example of Formation

• 가다 (to go) → 가 + 기를 바라다 → 가기를 바라다

3. Comparative Analysis

~았/었으면 좋겠다

• Usage: Also means "I wish" or "I hope", but often implies a stronger desire or a hypothetical situation.
• Example: 비가 그쳤으면 좋겠어요. (I wish the rain would stop.)

~고 싶다

• Usage: Means "to want to", expressing the speaker's desire to do something.
• Example: 여행하고 싶어요. (I want to travel.) Comparison:
• ~바라다 is often used in formal contexts and when expressing wishes for others.
• ~고 싶다 expresses personal desires.
• ~았/었으면 좋겠다 often expresses a wish about situations beyond one's control.

4. Examples in Context

Formal Context

1. 모두 건강하시기 바랍니다.
   • I hope everyone stays healthy.
2. 회의에 참석해 주시기 바랍니다.
   • Please attend the meeting.

Informal Context

1. 네가 빨리 낫기를 바랄게.
   • I hope you get well soon.
2. 시험이 잘 보기 바래.
   • Hope you do well on the exam.

Written Context

1. 새해에는 소망하는 일들이 이루어지기를 바랍니다.
   • I hope your wishes come true in the new year.

Spoken Context

1. 잘 되길 바래요.
   • I hope it goes well.

5. Cultural Notes

Levels of Politeness and Formality

• 바라다 is polite and commonly used in formal settings, such as official announcements, presentations, or formal speeches.
• Adding 주 and 시 as in 주시기 바랍니다 elevates the politeness level, suitable for respectfully requesting actions.

Idiomatic Expressions

• 행복하시길 바랍니다.
  • I wish you happiness.
• 성공하시길 바랍니다.
  • I hope you succeed.

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Common Mistakes

1. Incorrect Verb Form: Using the plain form instead of the stem.
   • Incorrect: 가다기를 바랍니다.
   • Correct: 가기를 바랍니다.
2. Omitting Particles: Leaving out 를 can sometimes change the meaning or make the sentence sound unnatural.
   • Tip: While 를 can sometimes be omitted in casual speech, it's best to include it in formal writing.

Learning Strategies

• Mnemonic Device: Remember that 기 turns verbs into nouns (gerunds), and 바라다 expresses hope or wish.
  • Think of Verb + 기 (the act of ...) + 바라다 (hope) = Hope for the act of ...

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• ~바라다 is used to express hope or wishes for events or actions.
• It is commonly used in formal contexts.
• The structure is [Verb/Adjective Stem] + 기를 바라다.
• It differs from ~고 싶다 (want to) and ~았/었으면 좋겠다 (wish), both in usage and formality.

Quick Recap Quiz

1. How do you say "I hope you are happy" using ~바라다?
   • Answer: 행복하시기 바랍니다.
2. What is a common mistake when using ~바라다?
   • Answer: Using the full verb form instead of the stem before 기를 바라다.
3. Which expression is more formal: ~바라다 or ~고 싶다?
   • Answer: ~바라다 is more formal.

Feel free to revisit the examples and notes to reinforce your understanding of ~바라다. Practice by creating your own sentences using this grammar point!