Processing keyword: ~바라다 [barada] (Hope to)
Korean Grammar Point: ~바라다 [barada] (Hope to)
1. Introduction
In Korean, expressing hope or a wish is a common aspect of daily communication. The grammar construction ~바라다 is used to convey the speaker's wishes or hopes regarding a situation or action. This lesson will delve into the usage of ~바라다, its formation, and how it differs from similar expressions.
2. Core Grammar Explanation
Meaning
~바라다 translates to "to hope" or "to wish" in English. It's used when the speaker wants to express a desire or wish for something to happen.
Structure
The construction combines a verb or adjective with ~기(를) 바라다 or ~아/어 주시기 바라다 for more formal requests.
Formation Diagram
[Verb/Adjective Stem] + 기를 바라다
Components
- Verb/Adjective Stem: The base form of the verb or adjective without the '다' ending.
- 기를 바라다: The expression meaning "hope to" or "wish to".
Example of Formation
- 가다 (to go) → 가 + 기를 바라다 → 가기를 바라다
3. Comparative Analysis
~았/었으면 좋겠다
- Usage: Also means "I wish" or "I hope", but often implies a stronger desire or a hypothetical situation.
- Example: 비가 그쳤으면 좋겠어요. (I wish the rain would stop.)
~고 싶다
- Usage: Means "to want to", expressing the speaker's desire to do something.
- Example: 여행하고 싶어요. (I want to travel.) Comparison:
- ~바라다 is often used in formal contexts and when expressing wishes for others.
- ~고 싶다 expresses personal desires.
- ~았/었으면 좋겠다 often expresses a wish about situations beyond one's control.
4. Examples in Context
Formal Context
- 모두 건강하시기 바랍니다.
- I hope everyone stays healthy.
- 회의에 참석해 주시기 바랍니다.
- Please attend the meeting.
Informal Context
- 네가 빨리 낫기를 바랄게.
- I hope you get well soon.
- 시험이 잘 보기 바래.
- Hope you do well on the exam.
Written Context
- 새해에는 소망하는 일들이 이루어지기를 바랍니다.
- I hope your wishes come true in the new year.
Spoken Context
- 잘 되길 바래요.
- I hope it goes well.
5. Cultural Notes
Levels of Politeness and Formality
- 바라다 is polite and commonly used in formal settings, such as official announcements, presentations, or formal speeches.
- Adding 주 and 시 as in 주시기 바랍니다 elevates the politeness level, suitable for respectfully requesting actions.
Idiomatic Expressions
- 행복하시길 바랍니다.
- I wish you happiness.
- 성공하시길 바랍니다.
- I hope you succeed.
6. Common Mistakes and Tips
Common Mistakes
- Incorrect Verb Form: Using the plain form instead of the stem.
- Incorrect: 가다기를 바랍니다.
- Correct: 가기를 바랍니다.
- Omitting Particles: Leaving out 를 can sometimes change the meaning or make the sentence sound unnatural.
- Tip: While 를 can sometimes be omitted in casual speech, it's best to include it in formal writing.
Learning Strategies
- Mnemonic Device: Remember that 기 turns verbs into nouns (gerunds), and 바라다 expresses hope or wish.
- Think of Verb + 기 (the act of ...) + 바라다 (hope) = Hope for the act of ...
7. Summary and Review
Key Takeaways
- ~바라다 is used to express hope or wishes for events or actions.
- It is commonly used in formal contexts.
- The structure is [Verb/Adjective Stem] + 기를 바라다.
- It differs from ~고 싶다 (want to) and ~았/었으면 좋겠다 (wish), both in usage and formality.
Quick Recap Quiz
- How do you say "I hope you are happy" using ~바라다?
- Answer: 행복하시기 바랍니다.
- What is a common mistake when using ~바라다?
- Answer: Using the full verb form instead of the stem before 기를 바라다.
- Which expression is more formal: ~바라다 or ~고 싶다?
- Answer: ~바라다 is more formal.
Feel free to revisit the examples and notes to reinforce your understanding of ~바라다. Practice by creating your own sentences using this grammar point!