Processing keyword: ~려는 [ryeoneun] (Intending to)

Korean Grammar Point: ~려는 [ryeoneun] (Intending to)

Korean Grammar Point: ~려는 (Intending to)

1. Introduction

The Korean grammar point ~려는 (ryeoneun) is used to express the speaker's intention or plan to do something. It can be translated to "intending to" or "planning to" in English. This structure can convey a sense of forward-thinking and personal intention.

2. Core Grammar Explanation

Detailed Explanation

The structure ~려는 is derived from the verb stem + 려는, showing an intention towards an action. Here’s how it works:

1. Identify the Verb Stem: Take the base form of the verb and remove the "다" ending.
2. Add 려는: Attach 려는 to the stem of the verb. This changes the function of the verb to indicate intention.

Structure

• Formula: [Verb Stem] + 려는
• Examples:
  • 가다 (gada - to go) → 가려는 (gallyeoneun - intending to go)
  • 먹다 (meokda - to eat) → 먹으려는 (meogeureoneun - intending to eat)

Formation Diagram

Verb Stem + 다 --> Verb Stem + 려는

3. Comparative Analysis

Similar Grammar Points

• ~고 싶다: This is used to express desire (want to do something). For example, "가고 싶다" means "I want to go."
• ~기로 하다: This indicates a decision or resolution to do something. For example, "가기로 했다" means "I decided to go." Differences:
• ~려는 focuses on intention, whereas ~고 싶다 focuses on desire.
• ~기로 하다 expresses a firm decision rather than just the intention.

4. Examples in Context Sentence Examples

Formal Examples:

1. 저는 내일 공부하려는 계획이에요.

   • Translation: I have a plan to study tomorrow.

2. 그는 새로운 프로젝트를 시작하려는 욕심이 있어요.

   • Translation: He has the ambition to start a new project.

Informal Examples:

1. 나는 오늘 영화를 보려는 중이야.

   • Translation: I intend to watch a movie today.

2. 친구랑 밖에 나가려는 생각이야.

   • Translation: I’m thinking of going out with a friend.

5. Cultural Notes

Cultural Relevance

Expressing intention is essential in Korean culture, as it shows respect for the plans of others and indicates one's own serious desires. It’s common in both casual and formal settings.

Levels of Politeness

Using this structure is typically neutral in politeness. The level of formality will depend on the context and the tone of the conversation.

Idiomatic Expressions

• 반드시 해야 할 일이려는: "It is a task that must be done."

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

• Omitting 려는: Beginners might forget to connect the stem properly, leading to incorrect forms.
• Confusing with ~고 싶다: Learners might confuse intention with desire. Understanding the context is key.

Learning Strategies

• Mnemonic Device: Remember that "려는" is related to "plan," which starts with "p" just like "plan" and "propose." It’s all about your personal intention.

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• ~려는 expresses intention or plans.
• It is built from the verb stem + 려는.
• It contrasts with expressions of desire and decision.

Quick Recap Quiz

1. What is the grammatical structure for ~려는?
   • [Verb Stem] + ?
2. How does ~려는 differ from ~고 싶다?
3. Give an example sentence using ~려는 in a formal context. By understanding these aspects, learners can effectively express their intentions in Korean!