Processing keyword: ~려고 하다 [ryeogo hada] (Try to, plan to)

Korean Grammar Point: ~려고 하다 [ryeogo hada] (Try to, plan to)

Grammar Point: ~려고 하다 [ryeogo hada] (Try to, plan to)

1. Introduction

The Korean expression ~려고 하다 is commonly used to indicate an intention or plan to do something. It conveys the sense of "trying to" or "planning to" perform an action. This grammar point is essential for making your intentions clear in both spoken and written Korean.

2. Core Grammar Explanation

Detailed Explanation

• Structure: The structure of this grammar point is as follows:
  • Verb Stem + -려고 하다
• Meaning: It essentially means "to intend to" or "to try to," and it conveys a forward-looking action or intention.

Formation Diagram

[Verb Stem] + (려고) + 하다

Example Breakdown

• 가다 (gada) - to go
  • 가려고 하다 - to intend to go / trying to go
• 먹다 (meokda) - to eat
  • 먹으려고 하다 - to intend to eat / trying to eat

3. Comparative Analysis

• Similar Point: 고 싶다 (go sipda)
  • Meaning: To want to do something.
  • Difference: While ~고 싶다 expresses a desire, ~려고 하다 focuses on intention or planning.
  • Example:
    • 나는 수영을 하고 싶다 (I want to swim).
    • 나는 수영을 하려고 한다 (I plan to swim).

4. Examples in Context

Sentence Examples

1. Formal:

   • 내일 회의에 참석하려고 합니다.
     (I plan to attend the meeting tomorrow.)

2. Informal:

   • 친구를 만나려고 해.
     (I'm trying to meet my friend.)

3. Written:

   • 나는 새로운 언어를 배우려고 노력하고 있다.
     (I am trying to learn a new language.)

4. Spoken:

   • 오늘 영화 보려고 해?
     (Are you trying to see a movie today?)

5. Cultural Notes

Cultural Relevance

• The use of ~려고 하다 can indicate the level of politeness in a conversation, especially in formal situations where one might express intentions or plans. Knowing when to use formal versus informal forms is critical in Korean culture, where politeness and respect are paramount.

Idiomatic Expressions

• 열심히 하려고 (yeolsimhi haryeogo) - "to try hard to"
  • Example: 나는 열심히 공부하려고 한다. (I am trying hard to study.)

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

• Incorrect Formulation: Avoid confusing ~려고 하다 with ~고 싶다; they serve different functions.
• Contextual Use: Ensure to match the formality of the verb with the level of politeness in your conversation.

Learning Strategies

• Mnemonic Device: Remember that ~려고 하다 relates to planning or intending. Visualize yourself mapping out a journey to keep this meaning in mind.

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• Meaning: ~려고 하다 is used to express intention or plans.
• Structure: Verb stem + -려고 하다.
• Comparison: Differentiates between wanting to do something and planning to do it.

Quick Recap Quiz

1. What does ~려고 하다 mean?
2. How would you say "I intend to study" using ~려고 하다?
3. What is the difference between ~려고 하다 and ~고 싶다?

Taking the time to practice using ~려고 하다 in sentences will help reinforce your understanding and fluency in expressing intentions in Korean!