Processing keyword: ~러 [reo] (In order to)

Korean Grammar Point: ~러 [reo] (In order to)

Korean TOPIK Grammar Point: ~러 [reo] (In order to)

1. Introduction

The grammar point ~러 is used to indicate purpose, similar to the English phrase "in order to." It is typically attached to verbs to express the idea of doing something for a specific objective or goal.

2. Core Grammar Explanation

Detailed Explanation

• Meaning: The suffix ~러 is added to the verb stem to indicate that the action that follows is done for the purpose of achieving something.
• Structure:
  • Verb stem + ~러
• Formation Diagram:

[verb stem] + 러 → [indicates purpose]

Example:

• 가다 (gada: to go) → 가러 (gareo: in order to go)

3. Comparative Analysis

Comparison with Similar Grammar Points

• ~기 위해서 [gi wihaeseo]: Also means "in order to." It is more formal and used primarily in written or formal speech.

  • Example: 공부하기 위해서 (gongbuhagi wihaeseo: in order to study)

• Differences:

  • ~러 is more commonly used in spoken, casual contexts.
  • ~기 위해서 is preferred in formal writing and speeches.

4. Examples in Context

Sentence Examples

1. Informal Speaking:
   • 친구를 만나러 가요.
     (Chin-gureul mannareo gayo.)
     I am going to meet a friend (in order to meet a friend).
2. Formal Speaking:
   • 저는 한국어를 배우러 갑니다.
     (Jeoneun hangugeoreul baeureo gamnida.)
     I am going to learn Korean (in order to learn Korean).
3. Written:
   • 우리는 회의에 참석하려고 모였습니다.
     (Urineun hoeui-e chamseogaryeogo moyeosseumnida.)
     We gathered in order to attend the meeting.

5. Cultural Notes

Cultural Relevance

• The use of ~러 vs. ~기 위해서 can illustrate the speaker's level of formality. Casual conversations may prefer ~러, while formal situations or written documents may require ~기 위해서.

Idiomatic Expressions

• There aren’t specific idiomatic expressions featuring ~러. However, you will hear it frequently in daily conversation.

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

• A common mistake is trying to use ~러 with noun phrases instead of verb stems or not recognizing the verb stem form.
  • Incorrect: 집에 가서 공부러 합니다.
    Correct: 집에 가서 공부를 합니다.
    (Jibe gaseo gongbureul hamnida: I study after going home.)

Learning Strategies

• Mnemonic Device: Remember that ~러 leads you to "go" for a goal.

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• The grammar point ~러 expresses purpose and aims to convey "in order to" in a casual context.
• It is placed after the verb stem and is most commonly used in spoken language.

Quick Recap Quiz

1. What is the purpose of using ~러?
2. How would you say "I am going to the store in order to buy apples" using ~러?
3. Compare ~러 with ~기 위해서 and give examples when each might be used.

By mastering the usage of ~러, you will be able to express purposes effectively in Korean communication!