Processing keyword: ~도록 하다 [dorok hada] (Make sure that, ensure that)
Korean Grammar Point: ~도록 하다 [dorok hada] (Make sure that, ensure that)
Introduction
In the Korean language, ~도록 하다 (dorok hada) is a grammatical structure used to indicate making an effort to ensure that something happens. It is often translated as "make sure that" or "ensure that". This grammar point is essential for expressing intentions, giving advice, or instructing others in a polite and indirect manner.
Core Grammar Explanation
Meaning
The expression ~도록 하다 conveys:
- Ensuring an action is performed: Making sure that something happens.
- Giving polite instructions or advice: Suggesting that someone should do something.
- Expressing one's intention: Indicating personal commitment to an action.
Structure
To use ~도록 하다, attach 도록 하다 to the stem of an action verb.
Formation
- Verb Stem + 도록 하다
- Verb Stem: The base form of the verb without 다.
- 도록 하다: The grammatical expression added to the verb stem. Examples:
- 가다 (to go) → 가 + 도록 하다 → 가도록 하다
- 읽다 (to read) → 읽 + 도록 하다 → 읽도록 하다
Formation Diagram
| Verb Infinitive | Verb Stem | + 도록 하다 | Resulting Form |
|---|---|---|---|
| 가다 (to go) | 가 | 도록 하다 | 가도록 하다 |
| 먹다 (to eat) | 먹 | 도록 하다 | 먹도록 하다 |
| 공부하다 (to study) | 공부하 | 도록 하다 | 공부하도록 하다 |
Comparative Analysis
~도록 하다 vs. ~게 하다
Both ~도록 하다 and ~게 하다 can be used to indicate causing or making someone do something, but there are nuances:
- ~도록 하다: Emphasizes making sure an action is done, often used for polite advice or instructions.
- ~게 하다: Means to let or cause someone to do something, sometimes implying permission or causation. Examples:
- 숙제를 제출하도록 하세요.
- Please make sure to submit your homework.
- 아이를 혼자 놀게 했어요.
- I let the child play alone.
Examples in Context
Formal Situations
- 회의 시간에 늦지 않도록 하십시오. Please make sure not to be late for the meeting.
- 안전 규칙을 준수하도록 하겠습니다. I will ensure to comply with the safety rules.
Informal Situations
- 감기 걸리지 않도록 해. Make sure you don't catch a cold.
- 내일 일찍 오도록 할게. I'll make sure to come early tomorrow.
Written Context
- 환경을 보호하도록 대중교통을 이용합시다. Let's use public transportation to ensure the protection of the environment.
Spoken Context
- 스트레스 받지 않도록 하세요. Make sure not to get stressed out.
Cultural Notes
Cultural Relevance
In Korean culture, indirect communication is valued, especially when giving advice or instructions. Using ~도록 하다 allows the speaker to give recommendations or commands politely and respectfully.
- It softens the expression, making it less direct and therefore more culturally appropriate in many situations.
Idiomatic Expressions
- 몸에 좋은 음식을 먹도록 하세요. Please make sure to eat healthy food.
- 서두르지 않도록 합시다. Let's make sure not to rush.
Common Mistakes and Tips
Error Analysis
Common Mistake: Using ~도록 하다 with adjectives or descriptive verbs.
- Incorrect: 기쁘도록 하다 (Make sure to be happy)
- Explanation: 도록 하다 is used with action verbs, not adjectives.
- Correct: 기쁘게 하다 (Make someone happy)
Learning Strategies
- Remember the Purpose: ~도록 하다 is about ensuring an action occurs. Always pair it with an action verb.
- Practice with Daily Actions: Think of actions you need to ensure and try forming sentences.
- Visualize the Structure: Picture attaching 도록 하다 directly to the verb stem.
Summary and Review
Key Takeaways
- ~도록 하다 is used to express making sure that an action is performed.
- It adds a polite and indirect tone to commands, advice, or personal commitments.
- Always attach 도록 하다 to the stem of an action verb, not adjectives.
Quick Recap Quiz
- Fill in the blank:
Please make sure to turn off the lights.
불을 끄_____ 하세요.
Answer
**끄도록** - True or False:
~도록 하다 can be used with adjectives.
Answer
**False**. It is only used with action verbs. - Translate into Korean using ~도록 하다:
Let's make sure to finish the project by Friday.
Answer
**금요일까지 프로젝트를 끝내도록 합시다.**
By understanding and practicing ~도록 하다, you can enhance your Korean language skills, especially in giving polite instructions and expressing intentions.