Processing keyword: ~기를 [gireul] (In order to)

Korean Grammar Point: ~기를 [gireul] (In order to)

Korean Grammar Lesson: ~기를 [gireul]

1. Introduction

Welcome to today's lesson! We'll be exploring the Korean grammar point ~기를 [gireul], which is used to nominalize verbs and is often found in expressions related to desire, hope, requests, or intentions. Understanding ~기를 will help you express wishes or intentions more naturally in Korean.

2. Core Grammar Explanation

Meaning

The suffix ~기를 attaches to the verb stem to nominalize it (turn it into a noun form) and takes the object marker 를. It is commonly used with verbs like 바라다 (to wish), 원하다 (to want), 기대하다 (to expect), and 기도하다 (to pray). ~기를 allows the speaker to express hopes, desires, or intentions regarding an action.

Structure

[Verb Stem] + 기를 + [Verb of desire or intention]

Formation Diagram

3. Comparative Analysis

~기를 vs. ~기 위해(서)

While ~기를 is used to express hopes or desires about an action, ~기 위해(서) means "in order to" and is used to express the purpose of an action.

• ~기를: Expresses hope or desire.
  • 합격하기를 바랍니다. (I hope you pass.)
• ~기 위해(서): Expresses purpose.
  • 합격하기 위해 열심히 공부했어요. (I studied hard in order to pass.)

4. Examples in Context

Formal Situations

1. 학생들이 성공하기를 바랍니다.
   • I hope the students succeed.
2. 더 좋은 세상이 되기를 기원합니다.
   • I pray for a better world.

Informal Situations

1. 네가 행복하기를 원해.
   • I want you to be happy.
2. 친구가 빨리 낫기를 바라고 있어.
   • I'm hoping my friend gets well soon.

Written Context

1. 모두가 평화롭게 살기를 소망합니다.
   • I wish for everyone to live peacefully.

Spoken Context

1. 시험 잘 보기를 바래요!
   • I hope you do well on the exam!

5. Cultural Notes

Politeness and Formality

Using ~기를 in expressions conveys a polite and considerate tone. It's often used when expressing wishes or hopes for others, which reflects the value Koreans place on harmony and respect in social relationships.

Idiomatic Expressions

• 행운이 있기를!
  • Good luck!
• 성공하기를 빕니다.
  • I wish you success.

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Common Mistakes

1. **Confusing ~기를 with ~기 위해(서):
   • Remember that ~기를 expresses a hope or desire, not the purpose of an action.
2. **Omitting the Object Marker 를:
   • Since ~기를 includes the object marker 를, make sure not to drop it.

Learning Tips

• Associate ~기를 with verbs of wishing or hoping to remember its usage.
• Create flashcards with common verbs that are used with ~기를 to practice.

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• ~기를 [gireul] is used to nominalize a verb and express hopes or desires.
• It is commonly used with verbs like 바라다, 원하다, 기대하다, and 기도하다.
• Do not confuse ~기를 with ~기 위해(서), which means "in order to."

Quick Recap Quiz

1. How do you say "I hope it rains tomorrow" using ~기를?
2. What is the difference between ~기를 and ~기 위해(서)?
3. Which verbs are commonly used with ~기를?

Answers

1. 내일 비가 오기를 바랍니다.
2. ~기를 expresses a hope or desire, while ~기 위해(서) expresses the purpose ("in order to") of an action.
3. Verbs like 바라다 (to wish), 원하다 (to want), 기대하다 (to expect), 기도하다 (to pray).

By understanding and practicing ~기를, you'll be able to express your hopes and wishes more naturally in Korean. Keep practicing, and soon it'll become second nature!