Processing keyword: ~기를 [gireul] (In order to)
Korean Grammar Point: ~기를 [gireul] (In order to)
1. Introduction
Welcome to today's lesson! We'll be exploring the Korean grammar point ~기를 [gireul], which is used to nominalize verbs and is often found in expressions related to desire, hope, requests, or intentions. Understanding ~기를 will help you express wishes or intentions more naturally in Korean.
2. Core Grammar Explanation
Meaning
The suffix ~기를 attaches to the verb stem to nominalize it (turn it into a noun form) and takes the object marker 를. It is commonly used with verbs like 바라다 (to wish), 원하다 (to want), 기대하다 (to expect), and 기도하다 (to pray). ~기를 allows the speaker to express hopes, desires, or intentions regarding an action.
Structure
[Verb Stem] + 기를 + [Verb of desire or intention]
Formation Diagram
| Verb Stem | + | 기를 | + | Verb of Desire/Intention |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 먹 | 기를 | 바라다 | ||
| 가 | 기를 | 원하다 | ||
| 성공하 | 기를 | 기도하다 |
3. Comparative Analysis
~기를 vs. ~기 위해(서)
While ~기를 is used to express hopes or desires about an action, ~기 위해(서) means "in order to" and is used to express the purpose of an action.
- ~기를: Expresses hope or desire.
- 합격하기를 바랍니다. (I hope you pass.)
- ~기 위해(서): Expresses purpose.
- 합격하기 위해 열심히 공부했어요. (I studied hard in order to pass.)
4. Examples in Context
Formal Situations
- 학생들이 성공하기를 바랍니다.
- I hope the students succeed.
- 더 좋은 세상이 되기를 기원합니다.
- I pray for a better world.
Informal Situations
- 네가 행복하기를 원해.
- I want you to be happy.
- 친구가 빨리 낫기를 바라고 있어.
- I'm hoping my friend gets well soon.
Written Context
- 모두가 평화롭게 살기를 소망합니다.
- I wish for everyone to live peacefully.
Spoken Context
- 시험 잘 보기를 바래요!
- I hope you do well on the exam!
5. Cultural Notes
Politeness and Formality
Using ~기를 in expressions conveys a polite and considerate tone. It's often used when expressing wishes or hopes for others, which reflects the value Koreans place on harmony and respect in social relationships.
Idiomatic Expressions
- 행운이 있기를!
- Good luck!
- 성공하기를 빕니다.
- I wish you success.
6. Common Mistakes and Tips
Common Mistakes
- **Confusing ~기를 with ~기 위해(서):
- Remember that ~기를 expresses a hope or desire, not the purpose of an action.
- **Omitting the Object Marker 를:
- Since ~기를 includes the object marker 를, make sure not to drop it.
Learning Tips
- Associate ~기를 with verbs of wishing or hoping to remember its usage.
- Create flashcards with common verbs that are used with ~기를 to practice.
7. Summary and Review
Key Takeaways
- ~기를 [gireul] is used to nominalize a verb and express hopes or desires.
- It is commonly used with verbs like 바라다, 원하다, 기대하다, and 기도하다.
- Do not confuse ~기를 with ~기 위해(서), which means "in order to."
Quick Recap Quiz
- How do you say "I hope it rains tomorrow" using ~기를?
- What is the difference between ~기를 and ~기 위해(서)?
- Which verbs are commonly used with ~기를?
Answers
- 내일 비가 오기를 바랍니다.
- ~기를 expresses a hope or desire, while ~기 위해(서) expresses the purpose ("in order to") of an action.
- Verbs like 바라다 (to wish), 원하다 (to want), 기대하다 (to expect), 기도하다 (to pray).
By understanding and practicing ~기를, you'll be able to express your hopes and wishes more naturally in Korean. Keep practicing, and soon it'll become second nature!