Processing keyword: ~기로 하다 [giro hada] (Decide to)

Korean Grammar Point: ~기로 하다 [giro hada] (Decide to)

Grammar Point: ~기로 하다 [giro hada] (Decide to)

1. Introduction

The grammar structure ~기로 하다 is used to express a decision that has been made to do something. It conveys a sense of intent or resolution, and it is often used in everyday conversation as well as in more formal contexts.

2. Core Grammar Explanation

Detailed Explanation

The structure ~기로 하다 can be broken down into two components:

• -기: This is a nominalizer that turns verbs into nouns.
• -로 하다: This means "to decide/to make it so."

Meaning

When combined, ~기로 하다 literally means "to decide to [do something]."

Structure

The structure is formed as follows:

1. Take the verb stem.
2. Add -기로 하다.

Formation Diagram

[Verb stem] + 기로 하다

3. Comparative Analysis

Comparison with Similar Grammar Points

• ~기로 하다 vs. ~겠어요 [gess-eoyo]:
  • While ~기로 하다 expresses the decision to do something, ~겠어요 indicates future intentions or predictions without necessarily implying a firm decision.
  • Example:
    • ~기로 하다: 내일 운동하기로 했어요. (I decided to exercise tomorrow.)
    • ~겠어요: 내일 비가 오겠어요. (It will probably rain tomorrow.)

4. Examples in Context

Sentence Examples

1. Formal:
   • 내년에는 일본에 가기로 했습니다.
   • (I have decided to go to Japan next year.)
2. Informal:
   • 나는 오늘 밤에 영화 보기로 했어.
   • (I decided to watch a movie tonight.)
3. Written:
   • 우리 팀은 다음 프로젝트를 더 잘 진행하기로 하였습니다.
   • (Our team has decided to execute the next project better.)
4. Spoken:
   • 이번 주말에 친구들하고 나가기로 했어.
   • (I’ve decided to go out with my friends this weekend.)

5. Cultural Notes

Cultural Relevance

In Korean culture, the act of making decisions is often shared with others, especially in group settings. Using ~기로 하다 can show commitment to plans and respect for other people's time and expectations.

Levels of Politeness

The politeness level can change based on context. It's common to use the formal version when speaking or writing in formal settings and the informal version in casual conversations with friends.

Idiomatic Expressions

One common expression that utilizes this grammar point is "약속하기로 하다" (to decide to make a promise), which emphasizes commitment in a social context.

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

• Common Mistake: Misusing the past tense. Students might say "가기로 했다" (I decided to go) when referring to a future intention. Use present tense for future decisions: "가기로 해요" (I decide to go).

Learning Strategies

• Mnemonic Device: Remember that 기 makes a verb into a noun, which then links to 로 하다 to signify making a decision. Think of it as "Turning my action into a decision."

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• ~기로 하다 expresses a decision or intention to do something.
• Structure: [verb stem] + 기로 하다
• Usage varies based on context, with formal and informal distinctions.

Quick Recap Quiz

1. How do you form ~기로 하다?
2. What does ~기로 하다 mean in English?
3. Provide an example of ~기로 하다 in a sentence.

This overview should help you understand and apply the grammar point ~기로 하다 effectively! Processing keyword: ~기로 하다 [giro hada] (Decide to)

Korean Grammar Point: ~기로 하다 [giro hada] (Decide to)

TOPIK Grammar: ~기로 하다 (Decide to)

1. Introduction

The grammar structure ~기로 하다 is commonly used in Korean to express a decision or intention to do something. It is often used when making plans, promises, or commitments.

2. Core Grammar Explanation

Detailed Explanation

• Meaning: The expression ~기로 하다 translates to "decide to" or "plan to" in English.
• Structure:
  • Base Verb + 기로 하다

Formation Diagram

[Base Verb] + (으)ㄹ/기로 하다

• For verbs ending in a consonant:
  Use the base form + 기로 하다

• For verbs ending in a vowel:
  Add (으)ㄹ before 기로 하다

Visual Aids

3. Comparative Analysis

The grammar point ~기로 하다 can be compared with ~기로 합니다. While ~기로 하다 is casual or informal, ~기로 합니다 is used in formal settings.

4. Examples in Context

Sentence Examples

1. Informal:

   • 주말에 영화 보기로 했어.
   • I decided to watch a movie on the weekend.

2. Formal:

   • 내년부터 운동하기로 합니다.
   • I have decided to exercise starting next year.

3. Written:

   • 그들은 함께 여행을 가기로 했다.
   • They decided to go on a trip together.

4. Spoken:

   • 내일 저녁에 친구를 만나기로 했어.
   • I decided to meet a friend tomorrow evening.

5. Cultural Notes

Cultural Relevance

In Korean culture, expressing intentions and decisions can be tied to formality and respect. The choice between using 하다고 하다 and 합니다 reflects the level of respect towards the listener.

Idiomatic Expressions

Common phrases using ~기로 하다 include:

• 결심하다 (to make a resolution) - often used when deciding on a significant change or commitment.

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

• Incorrect Use: Mixing casual and formal forms randomly. For example:
  • Incorrect: 영화 보기기로 합니다.
  • Correct: 영화 보기기로 해요. (casual) or 영화 보기기로 합니다. (formal)

Learning Strategies

• Mnemonic Device: Remember "기" for "decision" by associating it with "giraffe" as it has a long neck looking forward, symbolizing future intentions.

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• Meaning: ~기로 하다 means to decide to do something.
• Formality: Can be used both informally and formally via slight variations.
• Structure: Combine the base verb with 기로 하다.

Quick Recap Quiz

1. What does ~기로 하다 mean in English?
2. Give an example using ~기로 해요 in a sentence.
3. How does the structure change for a verb ending with a consonant compared to a vowel?

This lesson provides an understanding of how to use ~기로 하다 effectively and confidently in various conversational contexts.