Processing keyword: ~게 되다 [ge dweda] (End up, come to)
Korean Grammar Point: ~게 되다 [ge dweda] (End up, come to)
1. Introduction
In Korean, the grammar construct ~게 되다 (ge dweda) is a versatile expression that conveys the meaning of "to end up doing," "to come to be," or "to end up being." It's used to indicate a change of state or situation that occurs regardless of the subject's will, often due to external circumstances. This grammar point is essential for expressing unintended or inevitable outcomes in both formal and informal contexts.
2. Core Grammar Explanation
Meaning
The expression ~게 되다 is used to describe:
- A change in state or situation.
- An action or event that happens unintentionally or inevitably.
- Outcomes influenced by external factors rather than the subject's intention.
Structure
The basic structure of ~게 되다 is as follows:
Verb Stem + 게 되다
- Verb Stem: The base form of the verb without the ending 다.
- 게 되다: Added to the verb stem to express the change or outcome.
Formation Diagram
Here's a visual representation:
| Verb Type | Verb Stem | + 게 되다 | Resulting Form |
|---|---|---|---|
| Action Verb | 먹다 (to eat) | 먹 + 게 되다 | 먹게 되다 (end up eating) |
| Descriptive Verb | 알다 (to know) | 알 + 게 되다 | 알게 되다 (come to know) |
| 하다 Verbs | 공부하다 (to study) | 공부하 + 게 되다 | 공부하게 되다 (end up studying) |
Usage Notes
- Tense is expressed through 되다:
- Present: 게 된다
- Past: 게 됐다/되었다
- Future: 게 될 거다
- Politeness Level: Adjusted by conjugating 되다 accordingly.
3. Comparative Analysis
~게 되다 vs. ~(으)려고 하다
- ~게 되다 implies an unintentional or inevitable outcome.
- ~(으)려고 하다 indicates the subject's intention or plan to do something. Example:
- 한국에서 일하게 됐어요.
- I ended up working in Korea. (Unintended outcome)
- 한국에서 일하려고 해요.
- I plan to work in Korea. (Intentional action)
4. Examples in Context
Example 1: Formal Written
- 대학교를 졸업하고 회사에 들어가게 되었습니다.
- After graduating from university, I came to join a company.
Example 2: Informal Spoken
- 친구를 통해서 그 사람을 알게 됐어.
- I ended up knowing that person through a friend.
Example 3: Polite Spoken
- 우연히 그 가게를 찾게 됐어요.
- I happened to find that store by chance.
Example 4: Future Tense
- 곧 새로운 곳으로 이사하게 될 거예요.
- I will end up moving to a new place soon.
Example 5: Negative Form
- 그 영화를 보게 되지 않을 거예요.
- I won't end up watching that movie.
5. Cultural Notes
Cultural Relevance
In Korean culture, modesty and indirect expression are valued. Using ~게 되다 allows speakers to express outcomes modestly, attributing results to circumstances rather than taking direct credit.
Levels of Politeness
Adjusting the politeness level of 되다 tailors the expression appropriately:
- Formal Polite: 되겠습니다, 되었습니다
- Informal Polite: 돼요, 됐어요
- Casual: 돼, 됐어
Idiomatic Expressions
- 말하게 되다
- To end up speaking
- 좋아하게 되다
- To come to like
6. Common Mistakes and Tips
Common Mistakes
- Forgetting Tense Conjugation
- Incorrect: 한국어를 배우게 되요.
- Correct: 한국어를 배우게 돼요.
- Using with Intentional Actions
- ~게 되다 should not be used for actions done willingly with intention.
- Incorrect: 내일 여행을 가게 돼요. (if you planned it)
- Correct: 내일 여행을 가요.
Tips
- Mnemonic Device: Think of ~게 되다 as "It became so that..." to remember it's about unintended outcomes.
- Practice: Create sentences about life events that happened unexpectedly.
7. Summary and Review
Key Takeaways
- ~게 되다 expresses unintended or inevitable changes or outcomes.
- It's formed by adding 게 되다 to the verb stem.
- Tense and politeness are conveyed through the verb 되다.
Quick Recap Quiz
- How do you form ~게 되다 with the verb 살다 (to live)?
- Answer: 살게 되다
- What does 유명한 사람을 만나게 됐어요 mean?
- Answer: I ended up meeting a famous person.
- Is ~게 되다 used for intentional actions?
- Answer: No, it's used for unintentional or inevitable outcomes.
Feel free to revisit this guide to reinforce your understanding of ~게 되다 and incorporate it into your Korean language practice!