Processing keyword: 항상 [hangsang] (Always)

Korean Grammar Point: 항상 [hangsang] (Always)

Grammar Point: 항상 [hangsang] (Always)

1. Introduction

"항상" (hangsang) is an adverb in Korean that means "always." It is used to describe actions or situations that are habitual, customary, or consistently true over time. Understanding how to use "항상" can help you convey certainty and regularity in your statements.

2. Core Grammar Explanation

Detailed Explanation

• Meaning: "항상" indicates that something occurs at all times without exception.
• Structure: In Korean sentences, "항상" is typically placed before the verb it modifies, similar to "always" in English.

Formation Diagram

[Subject] + 항상 + [Verb/Predicate]

Example:

• 저는 항상 학교에 갑니다. (jeoneun hangsang hakgyoe gamnida)
  I always go to school.

3. Comparative Analysis

• 항상 (hangsang) vs 가끔 (gakkeum):
  • "항상" means "always," while "가끔" means "sometimes."
  • Example:
    • 항상 운동합니다. (I always exercise.)
    • 가끔 운동합니다. (I sometimes exercise.)
• 항상 (hangsang) vs 때때로 (ttaettaero):
  • "항상" implies consistency, whereas "때때로" translates to "occasionally" or "from time to time."
  • Example:
    • 항상 책을 읽습니다. (I always read books.)
    • 때때로 책을 읽습니다. (I occasionally read books.)

4. Examples in Context

Sentence Examples:

1. Formal:

   • 제가 항상 정시에 출근합니다.
     (I always arrive at work on time.)

2. Informal:

   • 너는 항상 늦잖아!
     (You are always late!)

3. Written:

   • 사람들은 항상 행복을 추구합니다.
     (People always seek happiness.)

4. Spoken:

   • 나는 항상 이 영화를 좋아해.
     (I always like this movie.)

5. Cultural Notes

Cultural Relevance

Using "항상" can reflect your confidence in the accuracy of the statement, but it should align with the reality of the situation. In social contexts, exaggerating the use of "항상" can come off as insincere if one does not genuinely believe the statement.

Levels of Politeness

• Maintain appropriate levels of formality. Use "항상" with the verb endings that match the level of politeness indicated by the situation.

Idiomatic Expressions

• "항상 그렇다" (hangsang geureota) means "It's always like that."
  • Example: "그 사람은 항상 그렇다."
    (That person is always like that.)

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

• Learners might confuse "항상" with "자주" (jaju), which means "often."
  • Always (항상) indicates no exceptions, while "often" implies frequency without the certainty.

Learning Strategies

• Mnemonic Device: Imagine a clock that always ticks - this visual can help remember that "항상" means something happens all the time.

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• "항상" means "always."
• It is placed before the verb it modifies.
• It's used to describe habitual actions and consistent truths.

Quick Recap Quiz

1. What does "항상" mean in English?
2. Provide a sentence using "항상" in both formal and informal contexts.
3. Compare "항상" with another adverb indicating frequency. Feel free to review and practice these concepts in your conversations and writing for better fluency in Korean!