Processing keyword: ๊ณ์ [gyesok] (Continue to)
Korean Grammar Point: ๊ณ์ [gyesok] (Continue to)
1. Introduction
In this lesson, we'll explore the Korean adverb ๊ณ์ (gyesok), which means "continuously" or "keep doing". Understanding how to use ๊ณ์ will help you express ongoing actions or states in Korean, adding depth and fluency to your language skills.
2. Core Grammar Explanation
Meaning and Usage
๊ณ์ is used to indicate that an action or state continues without interruption. It can modify verbs to express that something is happening continuously or repeatedly over a period of time.
Structure
The basic structure is:
[Subject] + ๊ณ์ + [Verb]
- ๊ณ์ is placed before the verb it modifies.
- It functions as an adverb, describing the manner of the action.
Formation Diagram
Subject ๊ณ์ Verb
โ โ โ
์ฃผ์ด ๊ณ์ํ๋ค ๋์ฌ
3. Comparative Analysis
While ๊ณ์ means "to continue," it's useful to compare it with other expressions of continuation in Korean:
Grammar Point | Meaning | Usage Example |
---|---|---|
๊ณ์ | Continuously, keep doing | ๊ณ์ ๋จน๋ค (to keep eating) |
-์/์ด ์๋ค | To be in a state of | ์์ ์๋ค (to be sitting) |
-๊ณ ์๋ค | Currently doing (progressive) | ๋จน๊ณ ์๋ค (am eating) |
-์/์ด ๊ฐ๋ค | Continue doing into the future | ๋์ด ๊ฐ๋ค (to keep increasing) |
- -๊ณ ์๋ค expresses a current, ongoing action.
- ๊ณ์ adds the nuance of continuity without interruption.
4. Examples in Context
Formal Speech
- ํ์๊ฐ ๊ณ์ ์งํ๋๊ณ ์์ต๋๋ค.
- Hoeuiga gyesok jinhaengdoego issseumnida.
- The meeting is continuing.
- ๊ทธ๋ ๊ณ์ ๋
ธ๋ ฅํ ๊ฒ์
๋๋ค.
- Geuneun gyesok noryeokhal geosimnida.
- He will continue to make efforts.
Informal Speech
- ๋๋ ๊ณ์ ๊ณต๋ถํ๊ณ ์์ด.
- Naneun gyesok gongbuhago isseo.
- I am continuing to study.
- ๋น๊ฐ ๊ณ์ ์.
- Biga gyesok wa.
- It keeps raining.
Written Context
- ๊ฒฝ์ ๊ฐ ๊ณ์ ์ฑ์ฅํ๊ณ ์๋ค.
- Gyeongjega gyesok seongjanghago itda.
- The economy is continuously growing.
Spoken Context
- ์ ๊ณ์ ๋ ๋ฐ๋ผ์?
- Wae gyesok nal ttarawa?
- Why do you keep following me?
- ์์
์ด ๊ณ์ ๋ฐ๋ณต๋ผ.
- Eumagi gyesok banbokdwae.
- The music keeps repeating.
5. Cultural Notes
Levels of Politeness and Formality
- ๊ณ์ is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal settings.
- Adjust the verb endings to match the appropriate level of politeness.
Idiomatic Expressions
- ๊ณ์ํด์ (gyesokhaeseo): An emphatic form meaning "continuously" or "without stopping."
- ์: ๊ทธ๋ ๊ณ์ํด์ ์ง๋ฌธํ๋ค.
- Geuneun gyesokhaeseo jilmunhaetda.
- He kept asking questions.
- ์: ๊ทธ๋ ๊ณ์ํด์ ์ง๋ฌธํ๋ค.
6. Common Mistakes and Tips
Error Analysis
Common Mistake: Placing ๊ณ์ after the verb.
- Incorrect: ๋๋ ๊ณต๋ถํ๊ณ ๊ณ์ ์์ด.
- Correct: ๋๋ ๊ณ์ ๊ณต๋ถํ๊ณ ์์ด. Explanation: ๊ณ์ should come before the verb it modifies.
Learning Strategies
- Mnemonic Device: Think of ๊ณ์ as a "continuation signal" that needs to be placed right before the action it affects.
- Tip: When you want to express "keep doing something," remember the pattern ๊ณ์ + Verb.
7. Summary and Review
Key Takeaways
- ๊ณ์ means "continuously" or "keep doing".
- It is placed before the verb to indicate an ongoing action.
- Adjust verb endings for appropriate politeness levels.
Quick Recap Quiz
- Fill in the blank: ๋น๊ฐ ___ ๋ด๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์์ด์. (The rain is continuing to fall.)
- Answer: ๊ณ์
- True or False: ๊ณ์ should be placed after the verb.
- Answer: False
- Translate to Korean: "She keeps talking."
- Answer: ๊ทธ๋ ๋ ๊ณ์ ๋งํ๊ณ ์์ด์.
Feel free to revisit this lesson to reinforce your understanding of ๊ณ์. Practice by making your own sentences to describe actions that continue over time!
ยฉ Hanabira.org