Korean Grammar Point
๊ณ„์† [gyesok] (Continue to)

Used to express the ongoing or repeated nature of an action or state.

Formation

๊ณ„์† + Verb

Examples

๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณ„์† ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์ž˜ ๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.

Geuneun gyesok gongbuhago isseoseo siheomeul jal bol geot gatayo.

He continues studying, so I think he'll do well on the test.

๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์•„์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๊ณ„์† ์›ƒ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.

Gibuni joaseo jeoneun gyesok usgo isseoyo.

I'm in a good mood, so I keep laughing.

๋น„๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์† ์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์šฐ์‚ฐ์„ ์ฑ™๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.

Biga gyesok ogo isseoseo usaneul chaenggineun ge joeul geot gatayo.

It's still raining, so it would be good to take an umbrella.

๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ณ„์† ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์•„ํ”Œ ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด ์ ์–ด์š”.

Geunyeoneun gyesok geongange singyeong sseugo isseoyo, geuraeseo apeul hwagnyuli jeogeoyo.

She keeps taking care of her health, so the chances of her getting sick are low.

Long Explanation

'๊ณ„์† [gyesok]' means 'continuously' or 'keep (doing something)'. It shows that an action remains unbroken or is repeated over a period. It can also apply to states or conditions, indicating they persist without stopping.

Detailed Grammar Notes

Processing keyword: ๊ณ„์† [gyesok] (Continue to)

Korean Grammar Point: ๊ณ„์† [gyesok] (Continue to)

1. Introduction

In this lesson, we'll explore the Korean adverb ๊ณ„์† (gyesok), which means "continuously" or "keep doing". Understanding how to use ๊ณ„์† will help you express ongoing actions or states in Korean, adding depth and fluency to your language skills.


2. Core Grammar Explanation

Meaning and Usage

๊ณ„์† is used to indicate that an action or state continues without interruption. It can modify verbs to express that something is happening continuously or repeatedly over a period of time.

Structure

The basic structure is:

[Subject] + ๊ณ„์† + [Verb]
  • ๊ณ„์† is placed before the verb it modifies.
  • It functions as an adverb, describing the manner of the action.

Formation Diagram

Subject   ๊ณ„์†   Verb
   โ†“        โ†“      โ†“
 ์ฃผ์–ด    ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๋‹ค   ๋™์‚ฌ

3. Comparative Analysis

While ๊ณ„์† means "to continue," it's useful to compare it with other expressions of continuation in Korean:

Grammar Point Meaning Usage Example
๊ณ„์† Continuously, keep doing ๊ณ„์† ๋จน๋‹ค (to keep eating)
-์•„/์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค To be in a state of ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ๋‹ค (to be sitting)
-๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค Currently doing (progressive) ๋จน๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค (am eating)
-์•„/์–ด ๊ฐ€๋‹ค Continue doing into the future ๋Š˜์–ด ๊ฐ€๋‹ค (to keep increasing)
  • -๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค expresses a current, ongoing action.
  • ๊ณ„์† adds the nuance of continuity without interruption.

4. Examples in Context

Formal Speech

  1. ํšŒ์˜๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
    • Hoeuiga gyesok jinhaengdoego issseumnida.
    • The meeting is continuing.
  2. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณ„์† ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
    • Geuneun gyesok noryeokhal geosimnida.
    • He will continue to make efforts.

Informal Speech

  1. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณ„์† ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด.
    • Naneun gyesok gongbuhago isseo.
    • I am continuing to study.
  2. ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์† ์™€.
    • Biga gyesok wa.
    • It keeps raining.

Written Context

  1. ๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์† ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
    • Gyeongjega gyesok seongjanghago itda.
    • The economy is continuously growing.

Spoken Context

  1. ์™œ ๊ณ„์† ๋‚  ๋”ฐ๋ผ์™€?
    • Wae gyesok nal ttarawa?
    • Why do you keep following me?
  2. ์Œ์•…์ด ๊ณ„์† ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋ผ.
    • Eumagi gyesok banbokdwae.
    • The music keeps repeating.

5. Cultural Notes

Levels of Politeness and Formality

  • ๊ณ„์† is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal settings.
  • Adjust the verb endings to match the appropriate level of politeness.

Idiomatic Expressions

  • ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ (gyesokhaeseo): An emphatic form meaning "continuously" or "without stopping."
    • ์˜ˆ: ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์งˆ๋ฌธํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
      • Geuneun gyesokhaeseo jilmunhaetda.
      • He kept asking questions.

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

Common Mistake: Placing ๊ณ„์† after the verb.

  • Incorrect: ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ„์† ์žˆ์–ด.
  • Correct: ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณ„์† ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด. Explanation: ๊ณ„์† should come before the verb it modifies.

Learning Strategies

  • Mnemonic Device: Think of ๊ณ„์† as a "continuation signal" that needs to be placed right before the action it affects.
  • Tip: When you want to express "keep doing something," remember the pattern ๊ณ„์† + Verb.

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

  • ๊ณ„์† means "continuously" or "keep doing".
  • It is placed before the verb to indicate an ongoing action.
  • Adjust verb endings for appropriate politeness levels.

Quick Recap Quiz

  1. Fill in the blank: ๋น„๊ฐ€ ___ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. (The rain is continuing to fall.)
    • Answer: ๊ณ„์†
  2. True or False: ๊ณ„์† should be placed after the verb.
    • Answer: False
  3. Translate to Korean: "She keeps talking."
    • Answer: ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ณ„์† ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.

Feel free to revisit this lesson to reinforce your understanding of ๊ณ„์†. Practice by making your own sentences to describe actions that continue over time!


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