Processing keyword: Noun に即して Verb (〜ni soku shite ~)

Japanese Grammar Point: Noun に即して Verb (〜ni soku shite ~)

Grammar Point: Noun に即して Verb (〜にそくして〜)

1. Introduction

In this lesson, we'll explore the grammar point 「Noun に即して Verb」 (〜にそくして〜). This expression is used to indicate actions or decisions made based on or in accordance with certain standards, facts, or situations. Mastering this grammar point will enable you to articulate actions that align with specific guidelines or realities in Japanese.

2. Core Grammar Explanation

Meaning

「〜に即して」 translates to "in accordance with", "based on", or "in line with". It signifies that the action expressed by the verb is carried out according to the Noun preceding に即して.

Structure

The basic structure is:

Noun + に即して + Verb

• Noun: The standard, fact, or situation upon which the action is based.
• に即して: A connective phrase meaning "in accordance with".
• Verb: The action performed in line with the noun.

Formation Diagram

Example Breakdown

法律に即して判断する。

• 法律 (ほうりつ): Law
• に即して: In accordance with
• 判断する (はんだんする): To make a judgment Translation: "Make a judgment in accordance with the law."

3. Comparative Analysis

「に即して」 vs. 「に沿って」

While both phrases can be translated as "in accordance with", they have nuanced differences.

• に即して: Implies acting based on facts, standards, or actual situations. It emphasizes conformity to reality or established norms.
• に沿って: Means "along with" or "in line with", suggesting following a policy, plan, or guideline. It's more about adherence to a formulated path. Comparison Table:

  Grammar Point	Usage	Example
  に即して	Based on facts, standards, or situations	法律に即して行動する (Act based on law)
  に沿って	Following policies, plans, or directions	計画に沿って進める (Proceed along the plan)

4. Examples in Context

Sentence Examples

1. 企業理念に即して、経営方針を定めます。 Kigyou rinen ni sokushite, keiei houshin wo sadamemasu. Translation: "We will establish management policies in accordance with our corporate philosophy."
2. 実際の状況に即して対策を練る必要があります。 Jissai no joukyou ni sokushite taisaku wo neru hitsuyou ga arimasu. Translation: "We need to devise countermeasures based on the actual situation."
3. データに即して結論を出してください。 Deeta ni sokushite ketsuron wo dashite kudasai. Translation: "Please draw a conclusion based on the data."
4. 現地のニーズに即して商品を開発する。 Genchi no niizu ni sokushite shouhin wo kaihatsu suru. Translation: "Develop products according to the local needs."
5. 憲法に即して新しい法律が作られた。 Kenpou ni sokushite atarashii houritsu ga tsukurareta. Translation: "A new law was created in accordance with the constitution."

Contextual Variations

• Formal Usage: Commonly used in formal writing, legal, and business contexts.
• Spoken Language: Less common in casual conversation; when used, it conveys seriousness.

5. Cultural Notes

Cultural Relevance

In Japanese culture, there is a strong emphasis on harmony and adherence to societal norms and rules. Using 「に即して」 reflects a respect for established standards and collective agreement.

Levels of Politeness and Formality

• Formal Expression: Suitable for professional, academic, or official contexts.
• Not typically used in casual speech, where more colloquial expressions would be preferred.

Idiomatic Expressions

While 「に即して」 is not idiomatic itself, it's often found in idiomatic or set phrases in legal and business Japanese.

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

1. Using with inappropriate nouns:
   • Incorrect: 彼の意見に即して行動する。
   • Correction: 彼の意見に基づいて行動する。
   • Explanation: 「に即して」 is typically used with facts, laws, or standards, not personal opinions.
2. Confusion with 「に沿って」:
   • Incorrect: 事実に沿って報告してください。
   • Correction: 事実に即して報告してください。
   • Explanation: When referring to facts, 「に即して」 is more appropriate.

Learning Strategies

• Associate 「即」 with "immediate reality": Think of 「即」 as connecting directly with the current situation or standards.
• Practice with formal contexts: Create sentences related to business, law, or official matters to become comfortable with its usage.

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• 「〜に即して」 means "in accordance with" or "based on".
• Used with nouns representing facts, standards, or actual situations.
• Primarily a formal expression, suitable for written and official communication.
• Different from 「に沿って」, which is used with plans or guidelines.

Quick Recap Quiz

1. What does 「法律に即して」 mean? a) Along the law
   b) Based on the law
   c) Despite the law
   Answer: b) Based on the law
2. True or False: 「に即して」 can be used interchangeably with 「に沿って」 in all contexts. Answer: False
3. Fill in the blank: To express "make a decision based on data", you would say データ___決定する. Answer: データに即して決定する

By understanding 「に即して」, you can accurately convey actions or decisions that align with specific facts or standards, enhancing both your written and spoken Japanese proficiency in formal contexts.