Japanese JLPT Grammar Point
~の下で (〜no shita de)

~の下で (〜no shita de)

Short explanation:

Under the context or condition of; under.

Formation:

Verb-casual + の下で, い-Adjective + の下で, な-Adjective + の下で, Noun + の下で

Examples:

先生の下で勉強するのはとても楽しいです。
Sensei no shita de benkyou suru no wa totemo tanoshii desu.
Studying under the teacher is very enjoyable.
晴天の下でピクニックをしましょう。
Seiten no shita de pikunikku wo shimashou.
Let's have a picnic under the clear sky.
緊張感の下で、彼女はスピーチに成功しました。
Kinchoukan no shita de, kanojo wa supiichi ni seikou shimashita.
Under the pressure, she succeeded in her speech.
親の愛情の下で、子供たちは幸せに育ちます。
Oya no aijou no shita de, kodomo-tachi wa shiawase ni sodachimasu.
Under the love of their parents, the children grow up happily.

Long explanation:

The ~の下で grammar point is used to express that something occurs under a certain context, condition, or circumstance. It can be translated as 'under' or 'in' in English. The formation is simple, as it can be used with verbs, い-adjectives, な-adjectives, and nouns.

Detailed Grammar notes:

Processing keyword: ~の下で (〜no shita de)

Japanese Grammar Point: ~の下で (〜no shita de)

Grammar Point: ~の下で (〜no shita de)

1. Introduction

The phrase ~の下で (〜no shita de) is a Japanese grammar structure that generally translates to "under" in English, indicating a condition or situation where something occurs. This expression can refer to physical, metaphorical, or hierarchical contexts.

2. Core Grammar Explanation

Meaning and Structure

  • Meaning: Used to express the idea of being "under" something in a literal or figurative sense, often implying dependency, influence, or guidance.
  • Structure:
    • Noun + の + 下で
    • Example: 学校の下で (gakkou no shita de) - "under the school"

Formation Diagram

     +--------+         
     | Noun   |        
     +--------+         
         |             
     +--------+
     |  の   |           
     +--------+         
         |
     +-------------+
     |  下で (shita de)  |
     +-------------+

3. Comparative Analysis

Similar Grammar Points

  • ~のもとで (〜no moto de): This phrase also means "under" but has a stronger connotation of "being under the guidance of" someone (e.g., a teacher or mentor).
  • Usage Comparison:
    • 学校の下で働いている。(gakkou no shita de hataraite iru) - "I work under the school."
    • 先生のもとで勉強している。(sensei no moto de benkyou shite iru) - "I study under the teacher."

4. Examples in Context

Sentence Examples

  1. Formal Written:
    • そのプロジェクトは政府の下で進められています。
      • (Sono purojekuto wa seifu no shita de susumerareteimasu.)
      • "The project is being advanced under the government."
  2. Informal Spoken:
    • 彼は父の下で働いている。
      • (Kare wa chichi no shita de hataraite iru.)
      • "He is working under his father."
  3. Business Context:
    • この規則は社長の下でに従ってください。
      • (Kono kisoku wa shachou no shita de ni shitagatte kudasai.)
      • "Please follow these rules under the direction of the CEO."
  4. Metaphorical Usage:
    • 夢の下で生きている。
      • (Yume no shita de ikite iru.)
      • "I live under my dreams."

5. Cultural Notes

Cultural Relevance

In Japanese culture, hierarchy and guidance play significant roles in social interactions. Therefore, using ~の下で appropriately reflects an understanding of who holds authority or influence in various situations.

Idiomatic Expressions

  • 指導の下で (shidou no shita de): "under guidance," commonly used in academic or professional contexts to show learning or mentorship.

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

  • Misuse in Context: Learners often confuse it with ~のもとで, using it in contexts where mentorship or guidance is key.

Learning Strategies

  • Mnemonic Device: Remember that 下 (shita) means "below" or "under," which can help recall the hierarchical structure of the phrase. Visualizing a pyramid can also aid in understanding that the top figure (authority) is guiding those below.

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

  • The grammar point ~の下で (〜no shita de) indicates being "under" something, either literally or figuratively.
  • It is often used to show relationships involving hierarchy, influence, or conditions.

Quick Recap Quiz

  1. What does ~の下で mean?
  2. How is it structured?
  3. When should you use ~の下で instead of ~のもとで?

By following this guide on ~の下で, learners can better understand and utilize this important aspect of Japanese grammar in their conversations and writing.

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Public Alpha version Open Source (GitHub). This site is currently undergoing active development. You may (will) encounter bugs, inconsistencies, or limited functionality. Lots of sentences might not sound natural. We are progressively addressing these issues with native speakers.


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