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Short explanation:
Formation:
Examples:
Long explanation:
Detailed Grammar notes:
Processing keyword: ~に (〜ni)
Welcome to today's lesson on the Japanese particle に (ni). This versatile particle is fundamental in Japanese grammar, and mastering its various uses is essential for effective communication. We'll explore its multiple functions, providing clear explanations and examples to help you understand and use に naturally.
The particle に (ni) is used to indicate:
Used with verbs ある (aru) and いる (iru) to express the existence of something or someone at a location. Structure:
Noun (Place) + に + ある/いる
Example:
Used with verbs of motion to indicate where someone or something is moving to. Structure:
Noun (Place) + に + 行く/来る/帰る
Example:
Used to specify the exact time when an action takes place. Structure:
Noun (Time) + に + Verb
Example:
Used with the stem form of a verb to indicate the purpose of movement. Structure:
Verb Stem + に + 行く/来る/帰る
Example:
Used to indicate the person or thing receiving an action. Structure:
Noun (Recipient) + に + Verb
Example:
Used with verbs like なる (naru) to indicate a change into a state. Structure:
Noun/Adjective + に + なる
Example:
Used to indicate the doer of an action in passive or causative forms. Structure (Passive):
Noun (Agent) + に + Passive Verb
Example:
[Subject] + [Particle に] + [Verb]
Usage | Structure | Example |
---|---|---|
Location (Existence) | Place に ある/いる | 教室に先生がいます。 |
Direction/Destination | Place に 行く/来る/帰る | 店に行く。 |
Specific Time | Time に Verb | 7時に起きる。 |
Purpose | Verb Stem に 行く/来る/帰る | 食べに行く。 |
Indirect Object | Recipient に Verb | 母に電話する。 |
Change of State | Noun/Adj に なる | 有名になる。 |
Agent (Passive/Causative) | Agent に Passive/Causative Verb | 彼に叱られた。 |
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate particle (に, で, へ):
By mastering the uses of に, you'll significantly enhance your Japanese language skills. Keep practicing, and don't hesitate to refer back to this guide whenever you need a refresher!
Public Alpha version Open Source (GitHub). This site is currently undergoing active development. You may (will) encounter bugs, inconsistencies, or limited functionality. Lots of sentences might not sound natural. We are progressively addressing these issues with native speakers.
New Feature! Japanese text parser works for custom texts and YouTube, acting as a reading assistant and translator. Check it out!
List of all Hanabira features Check here.
Tell your friends! Hanabira.org is a free, open-source, self-hostable portal with no ads. We rely on the community to help spread the word. Sharing the link helps the project immensely!
Support the project by sharing the link to hanabira.org on social media via links below!
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