Processing keyword: ～とおり (〜toori)

Japanese Grammar Point: ～とおり (〜toori)

Japanese Grammar Point: ～とおり (〜toori)

1. Introduction

The grammar point ～とおり (〜toori) is used to express that something is done in the way as it has been stated or in accordance with something else. It can mean "as" or "in accordance with."

2. Core Grammar Explanation

Meaning and Structure

The structure of ～とおり is as follows:

• Noun + の + とおり
• Verb (dictionary form) + とおり
• い-Adjective (root form) + とおり
• な-Adjective (root form) + とおり

Formation Diagram

[ Noun/Verb/Adjective ] + とおり

Example Structure:

• 本のとおり = as the book says
• 学んだとおり = as I learned
• きれいなとおり = in a beautiful way

Detailed Explanation

1. Nouns: When using a noun, you must connect it with の (no) before adding とおり (toori).
   • 例: 彼の言ったとおり (Kare no itta toori) – "as he said."
2. Verbs: Use the dictionary form of the verb directly before とおり.
   • 例: 説明したとおり (Setsumei shita toori) – "as explained."
3. Adjectives: For い-adjectives, use their root form directly with とおり.
   • 例: 高いとおり (Takai toori) – "in a high way."
4. な-Adjectives: Use the root form followed by な before とおり.
   • 例: きれいなとおり (Kirei na toori) – "in a beautiful way."

3. Comparative Analysis

Similar Grammar Points

• ～ように (〜you ni): While both are used to express a manner of doing something, ～ように can imply a request or instruction, while ～とおり describes adherence to an established fact or instruction.
  • Example: 言ったように (Itta you ni) – "as I said (in a way that you should follow)."

4. Examples in Context

Sentence Examples

1. Formal:
   • 先生が説明したとおりに、宿題を提出してください。
     (Sensei ga setsumei shita toori ni, shukudai o teishutsu shite kudasai.)
     – "Please submit your homework as the teacher explained."
2. Informal:
   • あなたの言ったとおりだよ。
     (Anata no itta toori da yo.)
     – "You're right, just as you said."
3. Written:
   • 彼の教えたとおりに実行する必要があります。
     (Kare no oshieta toori ni jikkou suru hitsuyou ga arimasu.)
     – "It is necessary to execute it as he taught."
4. Spoken:
   • 昨日の試合のとおりでいいの?
     (Kinou no shiai no toori de ii no?)
     – "Is it okay to do it the same way as yesterday's match?"

5. Cultural Notes

Cultural Relevance

The usage of ～とおり is significant in Japanese culture, reflecting the importance of following instructions and respecting others' input. It emphasizes conformity and the societal expectation to adhere to established norms.

Idiomatic Expressions

• 彼の意見に従うとおり、私たちも同じことをしなければなりません。
  (Kare no iken ni shitagau toori, watashitachi mo onaji koto o shinakereba narimasen.)
  – "We must also do the same thing as per his opinion."

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

• Missing の in Noun Phrases: Learners often forget to use の when using nouns.
• Incorrect Verb Forms: Using a conjugated verb form instead of the dictionary form.

Learning Strategies

• Mnemonic Device: Remember "toori" as "doorway" to correctly follow through and adhere to instructions.

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• ～とおり expresses doing something "as" or "in accordance with" something else.
• This grammar point incorporates nouns, verbs, and adjectives structurally.
• It conveys a level of politeness and adherence to societal norms in Japanese culture.

Quick Recap Quiz

1. What is the structure to use a noun with とおり?
2. Translate this sentence: 彼は私が言ったとおりに行動した。
3. True or False: ～ように and ～とおり can be used interchangeably. Feel free to review these points and ask any questions for clarification! Processing keyword: ～とおり (〜toori)

Japanese Grammar Point: ～とおり (〜toori)

Grammar Point: ～とおり (〜toori)

1. Introduction

The grammar point ～とおり (〜toori) is commonly used in Japanese to indicate that something is done in accordance with a method, direction, or manner. It expresses the idea of "as you have shown," "in the same way," or "as stated."

2. Core Grammar Explanation

Detailed Explanation

The structure of ～とおり (〜toori) is as follows:

• Structure:
  • [Verb (dictionary form) + とおり]
  • [Noun + の + とおり]

Meaning and Usage

• Literal Translation: "in accordance with" or "as"
• Purpose: To describe an action or state that follows a certain method or model.
• Forms:
  • Verb: Verb (dictionary form) + とおり, e.g., する → する とおり
  • Noun: Noun + の + とおり, e.g., 計画 → 計画のとおり

Formation Diagram

[Verb (dictionary form) + とおり]
         ↓
    する とおり → することにした (Decided to do)
[Noun + の + とおり]
         ↓
    計画のとおり (As stated in the plan)

Visual Aids

3. Comparative Analysis

Comparison with similar grammar points:

• ような/ように (youna/youni): While both ～とおり and ように express similarity, ように is often used for similes and indirect comparisons, whereas ～とおり is more direct and often relates to actions or procedures.

• まま (mama): まま refers to something being left unchanged or in its current state, while ～とおり indicates action is performed according to a specific method or description.

4. Examples in Context

Sentence Examples

1. Formal:
   • 先生が教えたとおりに、宿題をやりました。
   • (Sensei ga oshieta toori ni, shukudai o yarimashita.)
   • "I did my homework as the teacher instructed."
2. Informal:
   • 彼が言ったとおり、遅れてしまった。
   • (Kare ga itta toori, okurete shimatta.)
   • "I was late, just like he said."
3. Written:
   • 計画のとおりに進めてください。
   • (Keikaku no toori ni susumete kudasai.)
   • "Please proceed according to the plan."
4. Spoken:
   • 彼女のアドバイス通りにやったよ。
   • (Kanojo no adobaisu toori ni yatta yo.)
   • "I did it just like her advice."

5. Cultural Notes

Cultural Relevance

• Politeness: Using ～とおり in formal contexts demonstrates respect for instructions or guidance from others, especially from authority figures like teachers or supervisors.
• Social Norms: Following someone's lead or instructions is valued in Japanese society, making this grammar point particularly useful in communicating adherence to protocols.

Idiomatic Expressions

• 言ったとおり (itta toori) - "as I said"
• 想像したとおり (sozou shita toori) - "just as I imagined"

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

• Mistake: Confusing the usage of noun and verb formats. Remember to use noun + の + とおり or verb (dictionary form) + とおり accordingly.

Learning Strategies

• Mnemonic Device: Think of ～とおり as "following the path of" (通り means "street" or "way"), which helps remember its meaning of following guidelines.

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• The grammar point ～とおり expresses actions done according to a method, description, or instruction.
• It can use both verbs and nouns to convey this meaning.
• Cultural context emphasizes respect for instructions.

Quick Recap Quiz

1. What is the structure for using nouns with ～とおり?
2. Give an example sentence using ～とおり with a verb.
3. How does ～とおり differ from ように? Feel free to reach out for any clarifications or further examples!