Processing keyword: ～つもりで (〜tsumori de)

Japanese Grammar Point: ～つもりで (〜tsumori de)

JLPT Grammar Point: ～つもりで (〜tsumori de)

1. Introduction

The grammar point ～つもりで (〜tsumori de) is used to express the intention or resolution someone has about an action. It conveys the idea that a person plans to do something or is acting under the assumption that they will do that action.

2. Core Grammar Explanation

Detailed Explanation

The structure of ～つもりで involves using the verb in the て-form followed by つもりで. The basic idea is that the speaker has an intention or a plan regarding the action described by the verb.

Meaning, Structure, and Formation

• Meaning: "With the intention of (doing something)"
• Structure:
  • Verb (て-form) + つもりで
• Formation Diagram:

[Verb (て-form)] + つもりで

Visual Aids

3. Comparative Analysis

Similar Grammar Points

• ～ことにする (to decide to do something):

  • ことにする emphasizes a decision rather than mere intention.
  • Example: 学校に行くことにした (I decided to go to school).

• ～つもりだ (I intend):

  • This is a more direct statement of intent, generally used without the で.
  • Example: 明日行くつもりだ (I intend to go tomorrow).

4. Examples in Context

Sentence Examples

1. Formal:
   • 明日、会議に出席するつもりで、準備をしています。
   • (I am preparing with the intention of attending the meeting tomorrow.)
2. Informal:
   • 今日は映画を見に行くつもりだよ。
   • (I intend to go see a movie today.)
3. Written:
   • 彼は海外留学をするつもりで、毎日英語を勉強しています。
   • (He studies English every day with the intention of studying abroad.)
4. Spoken:
   • 週末に友達と遊ぶつもりだったけど、今日は忙しくなりました。
   • (I intended to hang out with friends this weekend, but I got busy today.)

5. Cultural Notes

Cultural Relevance

Using ～つもりで demonstrates a level of commitment to plans and intentions. In Japanese culture, it's essential to communicate one's intentions clearly, indicating reliability and responsibility. This grammar point is often used in more formal contexts.

Levels of Politeness

The usage of this grammar can vary in politeness depending on the context it is used in. Using formal language or honorifics when appropriate is important to show respect towards the listener.

Idiomatic Expressions

While there are no widely known idioms that use ～つもりで directly, it is common to hear:

• 知っているつもりで (thinking that one knows) - This conveys the notion that someone believes they are knowledgeable on a subject even if they are not.

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

• Confusion with ことにする: Learners may mistakenly use つもりで when they mean to express a decision. Remember that ことにする is a decision while つもりで is about intention.

Learning Strategies

• Mnemonic Device: Think of "つもり" as "to reassure" your plans or intentions – it solidifies the act of planning something.

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• Usage: Indicates intention or plan.
• Structure: Verb (て-form) + つもりで.
• Contextual flexibility: Usable in formal, informal, written, and spoken settings.

Quick Recap Quiz

1. What is the structure of ～つもりで?
2. How does ～つもりで differ from ～ことにする?
3. Provide an example sentence using ～つもりで in a context of your choice.