Processing keyword: 即 (jí) - Namely, that is to say

Mandarin Grammar Point: 即 (jí) - Namely, that is to say

Grammar Point: 即 (jí) - Namely, That is to say

1. Introduction

即 (jí) is a conjunction in Mandarin that is used to clarify or specify. It functions similarly to "namely" or "that is to say" in English. It is often used to provide examples or explanations following a preceding statement.

2. Core Grammar Explanation

Detailed Explanation

即 (jí) serves to introduce an elaboration or an example of something that has just been mentioned. It helps clarify the meaning by providing specific details.

Meaning, Structure, Formation Diagram

• Meaning: "namely," "that is to say"
• Structure: Subject + Verb + 即 (jí) + Explanation/Example Formation Diagram:

  [Subject] + [Verb] + 即 (jí) + [Explanation/Example]

Visual Aids

• 他是运动员，即篮球运动员。
• (Tā shì yùndòngyuán, jí lánqiú yùndòngyuán.)
• "He is an athlete, namely a basketball player."

3. Comparative Analysis

即 (jí) can be compared to other conjunctions such as 也就是说 (yě jiù shì shuō), which also conveys clarification. However, 也就是说 often feels more formal and is considered more verbose.

• 即 (jí): Direct and concise.
• 也就是说 (yě jiù shì shuō): More formal; roughly translates to "that is to say".

4. Examples in Context

Sentence Examples

1. Formal
   • 这部电影很好，即很感人。
   • (Zhè bù diànyǐng hěn hǎo, jí hěn gǎnrén.)
   • "This movie is good, namely, very touching."
2. Informal
   • 今晚有聚会，即我们一起吃饭。
   • (Jīn wǎn yǒu jùhuì, jí wǒmen yīqǐ chīfàn.)
   • "There's a gathering tonight, that is to say, we will eat together."
3. Written
   • 这种材料很耐用，即使遭受极端天气。
   • (Zhè zhǒng cáiliào hěn nàiyòng, jíshǐ zāoshòu jíduān tiānqì.)
   • "This material is very durable, namely, it withstands extreme weather."
4. Spoken
   • 他最近工作很忙，即很难见到他。
   • (Tā zuìjìn gōngzuò hěn máng, jí hěn nán jiàn dào tā.)
   • "He has been very busy at work lately, namely, it's hard to see him."

5. Cultural Notes

Cultural Relevance

Using 即 (jí) is common in both written and spoken Mandarin. It reflects a preference for clarity when communicating, which is valued in Chinese culture.

Levels of Politeness and Formality

即 (jí) is neutral in politeness and can be used in both formal and informal contexts, but it is not typically found in very colloquial speech.

Idiomatic Expressions

1. 知之甚少，即我们的了解非常有限。
   • (Zhī zhī shèn shǎo, jí wǒmen de liǎojiě fēicháng yǒuxiàn.)
   • "We know very little, namely our understanding is very limited."

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

• Common Mistake: Confusing 即 (jí) with 也就是说 (yě jiù shì shuō). Remember that 即 (jí) is more direct.
• Tip: Use即 (jí) when you want to add clarification or specify details more succinctly.

Learning Strategies

• Mnemonic Device: Think of "即" as "Instantly clarify!" to remind you that it's used for quick clarification.

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• 即 (jí) means "namely" or "that is to say."
• It introduces explanations or specific examples.
• It is appropriate in both formal and informal contexts.

Quick Recap Quiz

1. What does 即 (jí) mean in English?
2. Can you give an example of a sentence using 即 (jí)?
3. How does 即 (jí) differ from 也就是说 (yě jiù shì shuō)? By studying these points, you will improve your understanding and use of 即 (jí) in Mandarin sentences!