Processing keyword: 지금 [jigeum] (Now)

Korean Grammar Point: 지금 [jigeum] (Now)

지금 (jigeum) - Now

1. Introduction

지금 (jigeum) translates to "now" in English. It is a fundamental Korean adverb used to denote the present moment or time. Understanding its usage is essential for expressing immediate actions or states in both spoken and written Korean.

2. Core Grammar Explanation

Detailed Explanation

지금 indicates the current time and is often used to talk about actions happening right now or to emphasize immediacy. It can be placed at the beginning, middle, or end of a sentence with slight variations in emphasis.

Structure

• Basic Structure: 지금 + Verb/Noun

Formation Diagram

[지금] + [Verb/Noun]

Example:

• 지금 가요. (jigeum gayo) - I am going now.
• 지금 공부해요. (jigeum gongbuhaeyo) - I am studying now.

3. Comparative Analysis

• Similar Point:
  • 방금 (banggeum): This means "just now" or "a moment ago." While 지금 refers to the present moment, 방금 references a very recent past.
  • Example: 방금 전화했어요. (banggeum jeonhwahaess-eoyo) - I just called.

Differences:

4. Examples in Context

Sentence Examples

• Formal: 지금 발표할 것입니다. (jigeum balpyohal geos-imnida.) - I will present now.
• Informal: 지금 뭐 해? (jigeum mwo hae?) - What are you doing now?
• Written: 지금은 중요한 시점입니다. (jigeumeun jungyohan sijpeumimnida.) - Now is an important point in time.
• Spoken: 나는 지금 밥 먹고 있어. (naneun jigeum bap meokgo isseo.) - I'm eating now.

5. Cultural Notes

Cultural Relevance

In Korean culture, the concept of time is often emphasized. Using 지금 correctly can reflect one's awareness of the current situation and expectation of immediacy. When conversing, using appropriate levels of respect aligns with social norms, particularly in formal settings.

Idiomatic Expressions

• 지금 막 (jigeum mak): "Right now" or "just now."
  • Example: 지금 막 도착했어요. (jigeum mak dochakhaess-eoyo) - I just arrived right now.

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

• Common Errors: Learners often confuse 지금 with other time-related words, such as 오늘 (today) or 방금 (just now). Make sure to differentiate the contexts in which you use these terms.

Learning Strategies

• Mnemonic Device: Associate 지금 with "Jim Goes Now." Imagine a friend named Jim who always leaves as soon as you mention plans. This can reinforce the sense of immediacy tied to "now."

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• 지금 means "now" and indicates the current moment.
• It can be used in various contexts, both formal and informal.
• Understanding when to use 지금 and how it differs from similar terms is crucial for effective communication.

Quick Recap Quiz

1. What does 지금 mean?
   • A) Today
   • B) Now
   • C) Yesterday
2. Which of the following sentences uses 지금 correctly?
   • A) 지금 영화 봤어요. (I watched a movie now.)
   • B) 나는 지금 밥 먹고 있어. (I am eating now.)
   • C) 방금 학교 갔다. (I went to school just now.)

By understanding and using 지금 appropriately, you can enhance the clarity and immediacy of your conversations in Korean!