Japanese essentials
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うつる
to be in a picture
Verb
Kono shashin wa yoku utsutte iru ne
This photo came out well, didn't it?
Kanojo no egao ga kagami ni utsutte ita
Her smile was reflected in the mirror.
はなれる
to be apart, to move away
Verb
Naka no ii yuujin-tachi ga tsugi tsugi ni kokyou o hanareru no o miru no wa sabishii
It is sad to see close friends leaving their hometown one after another.
Kodomo-tachi ga oya moto o hanarete dokuritsu suru no wa shizen na koto da
It is natural for children to leave their parents and become independent.
たたむ
to fold
Verb
Isu o tatande motte kite kudasai.
Please fold the chair and bring it.
Kare wa shatsu o teinei ni tatande imashita.
He was carefully folding his shirt.
みおくる
to see a person off
Verb
Kanojo ga eki made kite, watashitachi o miokutte kureta.
She came to the station and saw us off.
Omoikkiri te o futte, tomodachi o miokutta.
I waved my hand with all my might and saw my friend off.
めざす
to aim at, to have an eye on
Verb
Daigakusei ni naru koto o mezasu, isshoukenmei benkyou shiteimasu
I am studying hard to achieve my goal of becoming a college student.
Kanojo wa puro no dansā o mezasu, mainichi renshū shiteiru
She practices every day aiming to become a professional dancer.
とる
to catch
Verb
Chiisana sakana o toru no wa muzukashii
Catching small fish is difficult.
Yasei doubutsu o toru tame no wana o secchi shita
I set up traps to catch wild animals.
きをつける
to be careful, to take care
Verb
Hodou de jitensha ni ki o tsukete arukanakereba naranai.
We must be careful of bicycles when walking on the sidewalk.
Saikin, sagi ga ooi node, fushin na denwa ni ki o tsukete kudasai.
There have been a lot of scams recently, so please be careful with suspicious phone calls.
もどす
to return
Verb
Kare wa hon o moto no basho ni modoshita
He returned the book to its original place.
Jikan o modosu koto wa dekimasen
We cannot turn back time.
to bully
Verb
Kare wa gakkou de ijimerarete iru
He is being bullied at school.
Ijimeru koui wa zettai ni yurusemasen
Bullying behavior is absolutely unforgivable.
ころす
to kill
Verb
Hannin wa giseisha o korosu tame ni naifu o tsukatta
The culprit used a knife to kill the victim.
Kare wa ikari de kanojo o korosu to kyouhaku shimashita
He threatened to kill her in anger.
なやむ
to be worried/troubled
Verb
Shinro no sentaku ni nayamu koukousei ga ooi
Many high school students are troubled by the choice of their future path.
Kare wa shourai no koto de nayande iru
He is worried about his future.
おいこす
to overtake
Verb
Kare wa marason de watashi o oikoshite yuushou shimashita
He overtook me in the marathon and won.
Konpetishon de wa, kanojo wa tsune ni raibaru o oikoshite ita
In the competition, she was always overtaking her rivals.
しんじる
to believe
Verb
Kare no kotoba o shinjiru koto ga dekinai
I cannot believe his words.
Kanojo wa kare ga buji da to shinjite imasu
She believes that he is safe.
かたむく
to lean, to tilt
Verb
Kare no kangae wa sugu ni tanin no iken ni katamuku
His thoughts easily lean towards other people's opinions.
Jiban ga katamuite iru tame, sono tatemono no kouzou ga kiken desu
The building's structure is dangerous because the ground is tilted.
???
to notice, to realise
Verb
Kare wa kanojo no kimochi ni kidzukanakatta
He didn't notice her feelings.
Kanojo wa jibun no misu ni kidzuita
She realized her mistake.
さす
to point
Verb
Kore wa watashi ga sasu houkou desu
This is the direction I am pointing to.
Kare wa sora ni sashimesu hoshi o mitsukemashita
He found a star pointing in the sky.
あむ
to knit
Verb
Haha wa seetaa o amu no ga tokui desu
My mother is good at knitting sweaters.
Kanojo wa shumi de mafuraa o andeimasu
She knits scarves as a hobby.
あいする
to love
Verb
Aisuru hito o taisetsu ni shinasai
Cherish the person you love.
Kare wa kazoku o aisuru yoki chichioya desu
He is a good father who loves his family.
うれる
to sell
Verb
Kono shouhin wa yoku ureru.
This product sells well.
Kare no arubamu wa totemo urete iru.
His album is selling very well.
とびこむ
to dive/jump in
Verb
Kare wa yuuki o motte atarashii purojekuto ni tobikonda.
He bravely jumped into the new project.
Suiei no renshuu de puuru ni tobikomu no ga suki desu.
I like diving into the pool during swimming practice.
to talk, to chat
Verb
Kanojo wa yoku shaberu node, minna ni hanashikakerareru
She talks a lot, so everyone talks to her.
Watashitachi wa koohii shoppu de nan jikan mo shabetta
We chatted for hours at a coffee shop.
しばる
to tie, to bind
Verb
Kare no teashi o shibaru koto ni yotte, nigerarenai you ni shita.
By tying up his hands and feet, we made sure he couldn't escape.
Kisoku ni shibararezu, jiyuu ni iken o iiaimashou.
Let's discuss our opinions freely, without being bound by rules.
かえる
to return, to be returned
Verb
Kare wa shigoto ga owattara sugu ie ni kaeru.
He goes home immediately after work is finished.
Fune ga shukkou shite sugu ni koshou shi, minato ni kaeru koto ga hitsuyou to natta.
The ship had a malfunction just after leaving the port, requiring it to return to the port.
よわまる
to grow weak, to weaken
Verb
Sono itami wa sukoshi zutsu yowamatte itta
The pain gradually weakened.
Ame ga dandan yowamatte kita
The rain has gradually let up.
なぐる
to hit
Verb
Tomodachi ni okotte, nagutte shimatta
I got angry and punched my friend.
Kare wa totsuzen, watashi o nagurou to shita
He suddenly tried to punch me.
さす
to put in
Verb
Hi ga sashite atatakai desu
The sun is shining, and it's warm.
Kare wa oyayubi o tsukiyubi o sashita
He stuck out his thumb and hitchhiked.
まちあわせる
to arrange to meet
Verb
Eki de tomodachi to machiawaseru koto ni natta.
I arranged to meet my friend at the station.
Kanojo to eigakan de machiawaseru yotei datta.
I was supposed to meet her at the movie theater.
to hit, to tap
Verb
Te o tataite ongaku ni awaseru
Clap your hands to the rhythm of the music.
Kare wa chotto shita misu de tsukue o tataita
He tapped the desk for a small mistake.
ちらかる
to be in a mess
Verb
Heya ga chirakatte ite sagashimono ga mitsukaranai
The room is so messy that I can't find what I'm looking for.
Kodomo-tachi ga asonda ato, omocha ga yuka ni chirakatte ita
After the children played, toys were scattered all over the floor.
まもる
to protect, to defend
Verb
Kono hashi o mamoru tame ni, ooku no hito ga doryoku shiteimasu
Many people are working hard to protect this bridge.
Anata no kojin jouhou o mamoru koto ga watashitachi no sekinin desu
It is our responsibility to protect your personal information.
さけぶ
to shout, to cry out
Verb
Kare wa totsuzen sakebi hajimeta
He suddenly started shouting.
Dareka ga watashi no namae o yonde iru no ga kikoeta
I heard someone shouting my name.
あきらめる
to give up, to abandon
Verb
Kanojo wa shiken ni goukaku dekinai to akiramete ita.
She had given up on passing the exam.
Donna konnan demo akiramezu ni charenji shi tsuzukeru koto ga taisetsu da.
It is important to keep challenging yourself without giving up, no matter how difficult it may be.
あたる
to hit, to strike
Verb
Takarakuji ni ataru koto o yume mite iru
I dream of winning the lottery.
Yosou ga ataru to, ureshiku narimasu
It makes me happy when my predictions come true.
であう
to meet
Verb
Unmei no hito ni deau koto ga dekimashita.
I was able to meet my destined partner.
Kyou, suteki na tomodachi ni deaimashita.
Today, I met a wonderful friend.
きれる
to break
Verb
Ito ga kireru to komaru node, komame ni chekku shimashou
If the thread breaks, it will be a problem, so let's check it frequently.
Oiru ga kireru to kuruma ga ugokanaku natte shimau
If the oil runs out, the car will stop moving.
つもる
to pile up, to be covered with
Verb
Yuki ga tsumotte kita.
The snow has started to accumulate.
Gakumon no chishiki ga tsumoru hodo, jinsei ga yutaka ni narimasu.
The more knowledge of learning accumulates, the richer life becomes.
まぜる
to mix, to blend
Verb
Doresshingu o sarada ni mazeru
Mix the dressing with the salad.
Tamago to satou o yoku mazeru
Mix the eggs and sugar well.
かがやく
to shine, to glitter
Verb
Anata no me wa kagayaite iru.
Your eyes are shining.
Yozora ni wa kagayaku hoshi ga takusan arimasu.
There are many shining stars in the night sky.
もうしこむ
to apply, to ask for
Verb
Koushuukai ni moushikomu koto o kimemashita
I decided to apply for the workshop.
Gakkou no saakuru katsudou ni moushikomitai desu
I want to apply for the school club activities.
おろす
to take down, to unload
Verb
Mado o orosu to soto no oto ga kikoete kita.
When I lowered the window, I could hear the outside noise.
Nimotsu o hitotsu oroshite, heya o seiri shihajimeta.
I took down one piece of luggage and began organizing the room.
えらぶ
to choose
Verb
Takusan no hon no naka kara sukina hon o erabu
Choose your favorite book from among many books.
Kore kara nani o suru ka o erabu koto ga anata no jiyuu desu
It's up to you to choose what to do from now on.
すすむ
to forward, to advance
Verb
Michi ni mayotte shimatte, dono houkou ni susumu beki ka wakaranai.
I got lost and don't know which direction to proceed.
Kare wa ketsudanryoku ga ari, monogoto o susumu peesu ga hijou ni hayai.
He has strong decision-making power, and the pace at which he progresses is very fast.
つかまる
to be caught
Verb
Ano dorobou wa keisatsu ni tsukamaru tabi nigedasu
That thief escapes every time he gets caught by the police.
Kare wa eki no hoomu de kippu kensa-in ni tsukamarimashita
He was caught by a ticket inspector on the station platform.
to insert, to put in
Verb
Kare wa yubiwa o kanojo no yubi ni hameta.
He put the ring on her finger.
Teki ni senjutsu o minukare, watashitachi wa karera no wana ni hamerareta.
The enemy saw through our tactics, and we fell into their trap.
たのしむ
to enjoy
Verb
Ryokou o tanoshimu tame ni wa, jizen ni keikaku o tateru koto ga taisetsu desu
In order to enjoy traveling, it is important to make a plan beforehand.
Konkai no ibento wa, minna de tanoshimu koto ga mokuteki desu
The purpose of this event is for everyone to enjoy together.
てる
to shine
Verb
Hizashi wa tsuyoku teru tame, boushi o jisan shita hou ga ii desu.
The sun is shining strongly, so it's better to bring a hat.
Yozora ni hoshi ga kagayaite teru koukei wa utsukushii desu.
The sight of stars shining in the night sky is beautiful.
あらわれる
to appear
Verb
Haru ga kuru to sakura no hana ga arawareru
When spring comes, cherry blossoms appear.
Kanojo no kao ni wa yorokobi ga arawarete ita
Joy was showing on her face.
ひろめる
to spread, to disseminate
Verb
Saikin, bejitarian no shokuseikatsu o hiromeru katsudou ga ookunatte imasu
Recently, there are more activities to promote vegetarian lifestyles.
Kankyou hogo no ishiki o hiromeru tame no kyanpeen ga okonawaremashita
A campaign was held to raise awareness of environmental protection.
たく
to cook
Verb
Kyou no yuushoku ni sakana o taku ita mita.
I tried cooking fish for today's dinner.
Kanojo wa suihanki de gohan o taku ita.
She cooked rice in a rice cooker.
はさむ
to insert, to put something between
Verb
Tsukue no ue ni shashin ga hasamatte iru.
There's a photo sandwiched on the table.
Hon ni kono meishi o hasande okimasu.
I'll place this business card in the book.
くわえる
to add
Verb
Shio o sukoshi kuwaete kudasai
Please add a little salt.
Kono ryouri ni wa, supaisu o kuwaeru to motto oishiku narimasu
Adding spices to this dish will make it even more delicious.
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