Processing keyword: Verb ない + ことにする (Verb nai koto ni suru)

Japanese Grammar Point: Verb ない + ことにする (Verb nai koto ni suru)

Grammar Point: Verb ない + ことにする (Verb nai koto ni suru)

1. Introduction

The construction "Verb ない + ことにする" is used to express a decision to not do something. This structure emphasizes a deliberate choice or resolution made by the speaker.

2. Core Grammar Explanation

Detailed Explanation

• Meaning: "Verb ない + ことにする" means "to decide not to do [verb]".
• Structure:
  • Take the verb in its negative form (ない form).
  • Follow it with "ことにする".

Formation:

[Verb ない Form] + ことにする

Visual Aid:

3. Comparative Analysis

Similar structures:

• Verb ない + ことにしている (Verb nai koto ni shite iru): This form implies that the decision is a current, ongoing practice (a habitual decision).
• Verb ない + つもりだ (Verb nai tsumori da): This expresses an intention not to do something but does not have the same sense of resolution as "ことにする".

Differences:

• "ことにする" is about a decision made at a specific time, whereas "ことにしている" suggests a lifestyle choice or ongoing decision.
• "つもり" indicates an intent, while "ことにする" signals a firmer resolution.

4. Examples in Context

Sentence Examples

1. Formal Context:
   • 明日、早く起きないことにします。
   • (Ashita, hayaku okinai koto ni shimasu.)
   • I decide not to wake up early tomorrow.
2. Informal Context:
   • 今日は勉強しないことにしたよ。
   • (Kyou wa benkyou shinai koto ni shita yo.)
   • I decided not to study today.
3. Written Context:
   • 健康のために、甘いものを食べないことにしました。
   • (Kenkou no tame ni, amai mono o tabenai koto ni shimashita.)
   • For my health, I decided not to eat sweets.
4. Spoken Context:
   • お金がないから、旅行しないことにした。
   • (Okane ga nai kara, ryokou shinai koto ni shita.)
   • Since I have no money, I decided not to travel.

5. Cultural Notes

Cultural Relevance

In Japanese culture, making decisions as a group or based on social harmony is often emphasized. The use of "ことにする" may reflect the individual's resolution within the larger context of these social norms.

Levels of Politeness

This construction can be used in various levels of politeness by adjusting the verb form accordingly, from casual (informal) to more formal expressions.

Idiomatic Expressions

• 食べないことにしよう (tabenai koto ni shiyou) - "Let's decide not to eat."

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

• Often learners forget to use the negative form of the verb correctly or mix up "ことにする" with other similar structures.

Learning Strategies

• Mnemonic Device: Remember "ことにする" as “to make a decision”, so associating it with “deciding” can help in remembering its use.

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• "Verb ない + ことにする" is used to express a decision not to do something.
• It emphasizes a conscious choice or resolution.

Quick Recap Quiz

1. How do you structure the phrase for "deciding not to go"?
2. What is the difference between "ことにする" and "ことにしている"?
3. Create a sentence using "Verb ない + ことにする".

Feel free to review these concepts and the provided examples to reinforce your understanding of this important Japanese grammar point!