Processing keyword: ~하마다 [hamada] (Every time)

Korean Grammar Point: ~하마다 [hamada] (Every time)

Korean Grammar Lesson: ~할 때마다 [(으)ㄹ 때마다] (Every time)

1. Introduction

In this lesson, we'll explore the Korean grammar point ~할 때마다 [(으)ㄹ 때마다], which translates to "every time [I/you/we] do" or "whenever [something happens]". This expression is essential for describing repeated actions or events that occur consistently whenever a certain condition is met.

2. Core Grammar Explanation

Meaning

• ~(으)ㄹ 때마다 is used to express that whenever a particular action or event occurs, another action or result consistently happens.
• It emphasizes the repetition or habitual nature of the events.

Structure

• Verb Stem + -(으)ㄹ 때마다

Formation Diagram

[ Verb Stem ] + (으)ㄹ 때마다

• If the verb stem ends in a consonant: add -을 때마다
  • Example: 먹다 (to eat) → 먹을 때마다
• If the verb stem ends in a vowel: add -ㄹ 때마다
  • Example: 가다 (to go) → 가ㄹ 때마다

3. Comparative Analysis

Comparing with ~마다

• ~마다 attaches directly to nouns to mean "every [noun]".
  • Example: 날마다 (every day), 주마다 (every week)
• ~(으)ㄹ 때마다 attaches to verbs to mean "every time [verb]".
  • Example: 볼 때마다 (every time [I] see), 들을 때마다 (every time [I] hear)

4. Examples in Context

Sentence Examples

1. 그 영화를 볼 때마다 새로운 감정을 느껴요.
   • Geu yeonghwareul bol ttaemada saeroun gamjeongeul neukkyeoyo.
   • Every time I watch that movie, I feel new emotions.
2. 친구를 만날 때마다 재미있는 이야기를 들어요.
   • Chingureul manna*l ttaemada jaemiinneun iyagireul deureoyo.*
   • Whenever I meet my friend, I hear interesting stories.
3. 비가 올 때마다 기분이 좋아져요.
   • Biga ol ttaemada gibuni joajyeoyo.
   • Every time it rains, I feel better.
4. 음악을 들을 때마다 춤을 춰요.
   • Eumageul deureul ttaemada chumeul chewoyo.
   • Whenever I listen to music, I dance.
5. 사진을 찍을 때마다 눈을 감아요.
   • Sajineul jjigeul ttaemada nuneul gamayo.
   • Every time I take a picture, I close my eyes.

5. Cultural Notes

Cultural Relevance

• Expressing Repetition: In Korean culture, expressing habitual actions or feelings is common, and ~(으)ㄹ 때마다 helps convey these patterns.
• Emphasis on Experience: Using ~할 때마다 highlights personal experiences and the effects of repeated events.

Levels of Politeness

• The grammar point ~(으)ㄹ 때마다 remains the same across different speech levels. Adjust the politeness by conjugating the main verb appropriately.
  • Informal: 먹을 때마다 배불러.
    • Meogeul ttaemada baebulleo.
    • Every time I eat, I'm full.
  • Formal: 먹을 때마다 배부릅니다.
    • Meogeul ttaemada baebureumnida.
    • Every time I eat, I'm full.

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

1. Attaching 마다 Directly to Verbs
   • Incorrect: 먹다마다 배불러요.
   • Correct: 먹을 때마다 배불러요.
     • Explanation: 마다 cannot attach directly to a verb. Use ~(으)ㄹ 때마다 after the verb stem.
2. Using 때마다 with Nouns without 때
   • Incorrect: 수업마다 새로운 것을 배워요. (Grammatically correct but slightly different meaning)
   • Correct: 수업을 들을 때마다 새로운 것을 배워요.
     • Explanation: While ~마다 can be used with nouns (meaning "every class"), using ~(으)ㄹ 때마다 emphasizes "every time I attend the class".

Learning Strategies

• Mnemonic Device: Remember that 때 means "time" in Korean. So, ~할 때마다 literally translates to "each time when [I] do".
• Practice: Create sentences using daily routines to become familiar with the structure.
  • Example: 잠잘 때마다 꿈을 꿔요.
    • Jamjal ttaemada kkumeul kkweyo.
    • Every time I sleep, I dream.

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• ~(으)ㄹ 때마다 is used to express repeated occurrences whenever a specific action happens.
• Attach -을 때마다 after consonant-ending verb stems and -ㄹ 때마다 after vowel-ending verb stems.
• This grammar point emphasizes consistency and habitual responses or results.

Quick Recap Quiz

1. Fill in the Blank: 한국어를 공부___ 자신감이 생겨요.
   • Answer: 한국어를 공부할 때마다 자신감이 생겨요.
     • Hangugeoreul gongbu*hal ttaemada jasingami saenggyeoyo.*
     • Translation: Every time I study Korean, I gain confidence.
2. Translate to Korean: "Every time I ride the bus, I see that advertisement."
   • Answer: 버스를 탈 때마다 그 광고를 봐요.
     • Beoseureul tal ttaemada geu gwanggoreul bwayo.
3. Correct the Sentence: 읽다마다 이해가 안 돼요.
   • Corrected: 읽을 때마다 이해가 안 돼요.
     • Ilgeul ttaemada ihega an dwaeyo.
     • Translation: Every time I read it, I don't understand.

Visual Aid: Conjugation Table

Practice Exercise

Create your own sentences using ~할 때마다:

• Think of actions you do regularly and describe what happens each time.
  • Example: 운동할 때마다 기분이 좋아요.
    • Undonghal ttaemada gibuni joayo.
    • Every time I exercise, I feel good.

By mastering ~(으)ㄹ 때마다, you can express repetitive actions and experiences, enriching your Korean communication skills. Keep practicing, and soon it'll become second nature!

Cultural Note

The expression ~할 때마다 reflects the Korean language's ability to convey nuances about habitual actions and their effects on emotions or situations. Utilizing this grammar point allows speakers to share personal experiences and connect with others over common occurrences.

Reminder

If you have any questions or need further clarification on how to use ~(으)ㄹ 때마다, feel free to ask!

Note

It appears there might have been some confusion with the grammar point ~하마다 [hamada]. In standard Korean, ~하마다 is not a recognized grammatical structure for expressing "every time". The correct expression is ~할 때마다 [(으)ㄹ 때마다], which conveys the meaning intended. Always ensure to attach ~(으)ㄹ 때마다 appropriately to verb stems to express repeated actions.