Processing keyword: ~케하다 [kehada] (To make so that)

Korean Grammar Point: ~케하다 [kehada] (To make so that)

Grammar Point: ~케하다 [kehada] (To make so that)

1. Introduction

The grammar point ~케하다 is used to express the idea of making something happen or causing a change in a state or action. It can be translated as "to make," "to cause," or "to render" in English. This construction is often used when you want to indicate that an action is being done to enable a certain outcome.

2. Core Grammar Explanation

Detailed Explanation

The basic structure of this grammar point is: [Verb stem] + 게 하다 (ke hada)

• Verb stem: The base form of the verb from which the action is derived.
• 게 (ge): A suffix that modifies the verb stem.
• 하다 (hada): To do or to make.

Formation Diagram

[Verb Stem] + 게 + 하다 → [Verb Stem] + 게 하다 (to make/to cause)

Example Breakdown:

1. 가다 (gada - to go) → 가게 하다 (gage hada - to make (someone) go)
2. 웃다 (utda - to laugh) → 웃게 하다 (utge hada - to make (someone) laugh)

3. Comparative Analysis

The ~케하다 construction can be compared to the following grammar points:

• ~게 하다 vs. ~다: While ~다 is used to simply state an action, ~게 하다 indicates that one causes another to perform the action.
  • Example:
    • 가다 (gada - to go) vs. 가게 하다 (gage hada - to make go)
• ~게 되다: This means "to become" and often implies a change of state without direct causation by someone.
  • Example:
    • 잘 되다 (jal daeda - to go well) vs. 잘 되게 하다 (jal daege hada - to make it go well)

4. Examples in Context

Sentence Examples

• Formal:
  • 그를 회의에 참석하게 하셨습니다.
    (Geureul hoeui-e chamseoghage hasyeosseumnida.)
    You made him attend the meeting.
• Informal:
  • 아빠가 나를 학교에 가게 했어.
    (Appaga nareul hakgyo-e gage haesseo.)
    Dad made me go to school.
• Written:
  • 이 프로그램은 학생들이 과제를 쉽게 하게 한다.
    (I peurogeuraemeun haksaengdeuri gwajaereul swipeu hage handa.)
    This program enables students to do their assignments easily.
• Spoken:
  • 친구가 나를 웃게 해줬어!
    (Chinguga nareul utge haejwosseo!)
    My friend made me laugh!

5. Cultural Notes

Cultural Relevance

The use of ~케하다 can reflect levels of politeness in Korean culture. In formal situations, using proper endings and honorifics is crucial, which is why conjugating properly with respect is important.

Idiomatic Expressions

• 행복하게 하다 (haengbokhage hada): To make (someone) happy.

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

1. Confusing ~게 하다 with just ~하다: Remember that ~게 하다 involves causing someone else to do something.
2. Incorrect verb stem usage: Ensure you use the correct verb stem to convey the intended meaning.

Learning Strategies

• Mnemonic Device: Think of "make" as "ke" (케) and associate it with "happen" (하다) to remember that ~케하다 means to make something happen.

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• ~케하다 is used to express making someone do something or causing an outcome.
• The structure involves adding ~게 to the verb stem followed by 하다.
• Cultural nuances around politeness and formal expressions are essential to master this grammar point.

Quick Recap Quiz

1. What does ~케하다 mean in English?
2. What is the basic structure of the ~케하다 form?
3. Provide an example using ~케하다 in an informal sentence.

This concludes the detailed explanation of the grammar point ~케하다. If you have any further questions or need more examples, feel free to ask!