Processing keyword: ~케 하다 [ke hada] (To make)

Korean Grammar Point: ~케 하다 [ke hada] (To make)

Grammar Point: ~케 하다 [ke hada] (To make)

1. Introduction

The Korean grammar structure ~게 하다 (ke hada) is used to indicate that someone is "making" someone or something do an action or to be in a certain way. It can also express the idea of causing a situation to occur.

2. Core Grammar Explanation

Detailed Explanation

• Meaning: ~게 하다 translates to "make (someone) do (something)" or "cause (someone) to be (something)."
• Structure: The structure is formed by taking an adjective or a verb, changing its final vowel/consonant (if needed), and then attaching 하다.

Formation Diagram

[Adjective/Verb Stem] + 게 하다

Visual Aids

3. Comparative Analysis

Similar Grammar Points

• ~지다 (jida): This grammar point indicates a change into a certain state, translating to "to become."

  • Example: 행복해지다 (haengbokhaejida) - "to become happy."

• ~게 되다 (ge doeda): This points to an unintentional change or outcome.

  • Example: 갈 수 있게 되다 (gal su ikge doeda) - "to end up being able to go." Key Difference: While ~지다 indicates a state change, and ~게 되다 focuses on the outcome, ~게 하다 emphasizes causation.

4. Examples in Context

Sentence Examples

1. Formal: 선생님은 학생들을 열심히 공부하게 하셨습니다.
   (The teacher made the students study hard.)
2. Informal: 엄마가 나를 집에 일찍 가게 해요.
   (My mom makes me go home early.)
3. Written: 이 영화를 감동적으로 만들기 위해 감독은 배우들이 더 자연스럽게 연기하게 했다.
   (To make this movie emotional, the director made the actors act more naturally.)
4. Spoken: 친구가 나를 웃게 하려고 농담했어.
   (My friend joked to make me laugh.)

5. Cultural Notes

Cultural Relevance

Using ~게 하다 often reflects the hierarchy and politeness within Korean society. It shows respect towards the subject of the action, especially in formal settings.

Levels of Politeness

• When using ~게 하다, be aware of the politeness level you want to convey, as it can change based on the social relationship between speakers.

Idiomatic Expressions

• 기분 좋게 하다 (gibun johge hada): "to make (someone) feel good."
• 즐거운 시간을 가지게 하다 (jeulgeoun sigan-eul gajige hada): "to make (someone) have a good time."

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

• Incorrect Use: Confusing ~게 하다 with just 하다.
  • Mistake: 저를 공부하게 하는 거예요. (should be "make me study")
  • Correction: 저를 공부해요. (this means "I study")

Learning Strategies

• Mnemonic Device: Remember the purpose of ~게 하다 as a “catalyst” for action – it serves to create a change in behavior or state.

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• ~게 하다 indicates causation, meaning "to make (someone) do (something)."
• It is formed by taking a verb or adjective and adding 하다.
• Important in understanding interpersonal dynamics in Korean culture.

Quick Recap Quiz

1. What does ~게 하다 mean?
2. Give an example of using ~게 하다 in a formal sentence.
3. How does ~지다 differ from ~게 하다? Feel free to ask any questions or request further elaboration on specific parts!