Processing keyword: ~아/어/여 주다 [a/eo/yeo juda] (Do for someone)

Korean Grammar Point: ~아/어/여 주다 [a/eo/yeo juda] (Do for someone)

Grammar Point: ~아/어/여 주다 [a/eo/yeo juda] (Do for someone)

1. Introduction

The grammar point ~아/어/여 주다 is used in Korean to express the idea of doing something for someone else. It conveys a sense of kindness or service, showing that the speaker is taking action for the benefit of another person.

2. Core Grammar Explanation

Detailed Explanation

The structure of this grammar point involves two main parts:

• The verb conjugation ~아/어/여, which is based on the last vowel of the verb stem.
• The word "주다," which means "to give."

Meaning, Structure, Formation

• Meaning: Doing something for someone else.
• Structure: [Verb Stem + ~아/어/여 + 주다]

Conjugation Rules

1. If the verb stem ends in 아 or 오, use ~아:

   • Example: 가다 (gada) → 가 + 아 + 주다 = 가아 주다 → 가서 주다 (to go/do for someone)

2. If the verb stem ends in any vowel other than 아 or 오, use ~어:

   • Example: 먹다 (meokda) → 먹 + 어 + 주다 = 먹어 주다 (to eat/do for someone)

3. If the verb stem ends in 하, use ~여:

   • Example: 하다 (hada) → 하 + 여 + 주다 = 해 주다 (to do for someone)

Visual Aid

3. Comparative Analysis

Similar Grammar Points

• ~아/어/여 주다 vs. ~아/어/여 주다:
  • ~아/어/여 주다 emphasizes doing for someone else, while just using a verb without 주다 would imply doing for oneself.
  • Example:
    • 먹다 (to eat) – I eat.
    • 먹어 주다 – I eat for you.

4. Examples in Context

Sentence Examples

1. Formal Context:
   • 선생님, 이 과제를 도와 주시겠습니까?
     (Seonsaengnim, i gwajeereul dohae jusigesseumnikka?)
     • Teacher, could you help with this assignment for me?
2. Informal Context:
   • 나를 위해서 좀 도와 줘!
     (Nareul wihaseo jom dohwa jwo!)
     • Help me a little please!
3. Written Context:
   • 이 문제를 해결해 주셔서 감사합니다.
     (I munjereul haegyeolhae jusyeoseo gamsahamnida.)
     • Thank you for resolving this issue.
4. Spoken Context:
   • 친구한테 연락해 줘.
     (Chinguhante yeollakhae jwo.)
     • Please contact my friend for me.

5. Cultural Notes

Cultural Relevance

Using ~아/어/여 주다 demonstrates politeness and respect in Korean culture, especially when addressing elders or superiors. It shows consideration and kindness.

Idiomatic Expressions

• 그렇게 해 줘) (Geureoke hae jwo)
  • "Do it like that for me" - used when seeking a favor or a specific action.

6. Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

• Omitting 주다: Learners often forget to add 주다, leading to incomplete sentences.
• Conjugation mistakes: Misusing the vowel endings due to confusion with verb endings.

Learning Strategies

• Mnemonic device: Remember the sound of the verb's last vowel to determine which particle to use:
  • If it's "a" or "o," use "아," otherwise use "어."

7. Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• ~아/어/여 주다 expresses doing something for someone else.
• Conjugation depends on the last vowel of the verb stem.
• It reflects the speaker's intention to provide help or service.

Quick Recap Quiz

1. How do you express "I will do it for you" using ~아/어/여 주다 with the verb "하다"?
2. Which conjugation do you use for a verb ending in "우"?
3. Provide an example of using ~아/어/여 주다 in a formal context. By understanding and effectively using ~아/어/여 주다, learners can enhance their communication skills and convey politeness and consideration in Korean conversations.