Processing keyword: ~기는 하다 [gineun hada] (Do something as a habit)
Korean Grammar Point: ~기는 하다 [gineun hada] (Do something as a habit)
1. Introduction
In this lesson, we'll explore the Korean grammar pattern ~기는 하다, which is used to express habitual actions or to acknowledge doing something regularly. This structure is essential for conveying routines or habits in daily conversations.
2. Core Grammar Explanation
Meaning
The pattern ~기는 하다 is used to indicate that someone does something habitually or regularly. It emphasizes the repeated nature of an action.
Structure
The formation of ~기는 하다 involves attaching ~기는 하다 to the verb stem. Formation Diagram:
| Verb Stem | + | ~기는 하다 |
|---|---|---|
| 먹 | 먹기는 하다 |
Conjugation Steps
- Identify the verb stem by removing ~다 from the dictionary form of the verb.
- 예: 가다 → 가
- Add ~기는 하다 to the verb stem.
- 예: 가 + 기는 하다 → 가기는 하다
Visual Aid: Conjugation Table
| Dictionary Form | Verb Stem | + ~기는 하다 | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| 가다 (to go) | 가 | 가기는 하다 | 가기는 하다 |
| 먹다 (to eat) | 먹 | 먹기는 하다 | 먹기는 하다 |
| 운동하다 (to exercise) | 운동하 | 운동하기는 하다 | 운동하기는 하다 |
3. Comparative Analysis
~기는 하다 vs. ~곤 하다
- ~기는 하다 emphasizes the acknowledgment of doing something habitually.
- ~곤 하다 is also used to express habitual actions but often implies reminiscence or past habits. Example:
- 책을 읽기는 해요. (I do read books regularly.)
- 어렸을 때 책을 읽곤 했어요. (I used to read books when I was young.)
4. Examples in Context
Formal Speech
- 저는 아침마다 운동을 하기는 합니다.
- I do exercise every morning.
- 그분은 매일 커피를 마시기는 해요.
- He does drink coffee every day.
Informal Speech
- 나도 영어 공부를 하기는 해.
- I do study English too.
- 주말에 영화를 보기는 해.
- I do watch movies on weekends.
Written Context
- 학생들은 숙제를 하기는 하지만, 복습은 잘 하지 않습니다.
- Students do their homework, but they don't review well.
- 그는 편지를 쓰기는 했지만 보내지는 않았다.
- He did write a letter, but he didn't send it.
Spoken Context
- 술을 마시기는 하는데 많이 마시진 않아.
- I do drink alcohol, but I don't drink much.
- 요리를 하기는 하지만 자주 하지는 않아.
- I do cook, but not often.
5. Cultural Notes
Cultural Relevance
In Korean culture, expressing one's habits or routines is common in conversation to find common interests or build relationships. Using ~기는 하다 helps convey a sense of participation or acknowledgment in activities, even if not enthusiastically.
Levels of Politeness
- 합니다 style (Formal polite)
- 해요 style (Informal polite)
- 해 style (Casual)
Idiomatic Expressions
- 먹기는 먹다
- I do eat (it), but...
- 가기는 가다
- I do go, but... These expressions often imply a contrast or limitation following the statement.
6. Common Mistakes and Tips
Error Analysis
- Mistake: Using ~기는 하다 without proper verb stem conjugation.
- Incorrect: 가다기는 하다
- Correct: 가기는 하다
- Mistake: Confusing ~기는 하다 with ~기 때문에 (because).
- Ensure the ending matches the intended meaning.
Learning Strategies
- Mnemonic Device: Think of ~기는 하다 as emphasizing "I do indeed..." to stress the habitual action.
- Practice Tip: Create sentences about your daily routines using ~기는 하다 to become familiar with the pattern.
7. Summary and Review
Key Takeaways
- ~기는 하다 is used to express habitual actions or routines.
- Attach ~기는 하다 to the verb stem.
- It can imply acknowledgment, sometimes followed by a contrasting statement.
Quick Recap Quiz
- How do you attach ~기는 하다 to the verb 공부하다 (to study)?
- Answer: 공부하기는 하다
- Translate to Korean: "I do watch TV, but not often."
- Answer: 텔레비전을 보기는 하지만 자주 보지는 않아요.
- True or False: ~기는 하다 and ~곤 하다 have the exact same meaning.
- Answer: False
By understanding and practicing ~기는 하다, you'll be able to express your habits and routines naturally in Korean conversations!