Processing keyword: ~거든요 [geondeunyo] (You see; Explaining)

Korean Grammar Point: ~거든요 [geondeunyo] (You see; Explaining)

Introduction

In Korean, the expression "~거든요" (geondeunyo) is often used to provide explanations or reasons for a statement or condition. It is a conversational phrase that adds information to your speech, making it more engaging and informative.

Core Grammar Explanation

Detailed Explanation

The structure of "~거든요" consists of two parts:

1. ~거든 (geodeun): This is derived from the verb "거다" (geoda), meaning "to be" or "to exist." In this case, it implies a condition or reason.
2. ~요 (yo): This is a sentence-ending particle used for politeness. The overall meaning functions as a tool for the speaker to give a reason or explain something that may not be immediately obvious to the listener. It can be best understood in contexts where additional information is beneficial for clarity.

Meaning, Structure, Formation

• Meaning: "You see" or "because" (used for explanations).
• Structure:
  • Verb/Adjective stem + 거든요
  • Example: 만들다 (mandleun) -> 만드니까 (mandeunikka) + 거든요 -> 만들거든요 (mandeulgeodeunyo)

Formation Diagram

(V/A stem) + 거든요
                 |
         (polite form) 

Comparative Analysis

Comparison with Similar Grammar Points

• ~니까 (nikka): While ~니까 is often used to state facts or reasons, ~거든요 adds an explanatory tone and is more conversational.
  • Example:
    • 사실이에요 (sasil-ieyo) "It's a fact." (Factual)
    • 사실이거든요 (sasiligeodeunyo) "You see, it’s a fact." (Explanatory)
• ~는데 (neunde): ~는데 can also provide background information but does not inherently carry a polite nuance or explanation as ~거든요 does.
  • Example:
    • 저는 학생이에요 (jeoneun haksaeng-ieyo) "I am a student."
    • 저는 학생인데요 (jeoneun haksaeng-indeo) "I am a student, you see." (more neutral)

Examples in Context

Sentence Examples

1. Formal Context:

   • 이 제품은 품질이 좋아서 추천하는 거든요.
     (I recommend this product because its quality is good, you see.)

2. Informal Context:

   • 너 오늘 왜 늦었어? 교통 때문에 늦거든요.
     (Why were you late today? I was late because of traffic, you see.)

3. Written Context:

   • 이 규정은 모두에게 유익하거든요.
     (This regulation is beneficial for everyone, you see.)

4. Spoken Context:

   • 오늘 날씨가 좋았거든요. 나갔어요.
     (The weather was nice today, you see. I went out.)

Cultural Notes

Cultural Relevance

Using ~거든요 adds a layer of politeness and friendliness to your speech. In Korean culture, providing rationale in conversations is viewed positively, as it shares context and builds rapport.

Idiomatic Expressions

• “저도 그랬거든요.” – “I felt the same way, you see.” This can be used to relate to someone's feelings or experiences.

Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

• Missing context: Students may sometimes use ~거든요 without clear preceding statements, making it confusing to the listener.
• Vocabulary confusion: Mixing up ~거든요 with ~니까, affecting politeness and meaning.

Learning Strategies

• Mnemonic Device: Remember that ~거든요 adds "you see," which emphasizes sharing understanding or information with the listener.

Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

• "~거든요" serves to explain or clarify statements in a polite and conversational manner.
• Use it to provide reasoning or context in informal and formal discussions.

Quick Recap Quiz

1. What is the primary function of "~거든요" in a sentence?
2. How would you explain the difference between "거든요" and "니까"?
3. Can "~거든요" be used in formal situations, and why is it important in Korean conversation?