Korean Grammar Point
~남다 [namda] (To remain, be left over)

~남다 [namda] (To remain, be left over)

Short explanation:

Used to express the idea of something remaining or being left over.

Formation:

Noun + 남다

Examples:

저도 공부하고 싶었지만, 시험 준비를 위해 시간이 거의 남지 않았어요.
Jeodo gongbuhago sipeotjiman, siheom junbiro si gan-i geoi namji anh-ass-eoyo.
I also wanted to study, but I hardly had any time left to prepare for the exam.
결혼식에 초대된 모든 사람들이 도착한 후에는 음식이 많이 남았어요.
Gyeolhonsig-e chodaedoen modeun saramdeul-i dochakhan hue-neun eumsigi mani nam-ass-eoyo.
After all the people invited to the wedding arrived, there was a lot of food left.
우리는 후천담의 산책로를 다 걸은 후, 더 이상 볼거리가 남지 않았어요.
Ulineun hucheondam-ui san-gillo retreat all dasigeoss-eun hu, deo isang bolgeoriga namji anh-ass-eoyo.
After we walked the entire path of the lake, there was nothing more to see.
그녀가 나가고 나서는 이별의 첫날 밤, 빈 자리가 아무리 커도 금방 채워진 것 같더라고요.
Geunyeoga nagago naseoneun ibyeol-ui cheosnal bam, bin jariga amuli keodo geumbang chae-wojin geos gatdeolaguyo.
After she left, on the first night of separation, no matter how big the vacant spot, it seemed to be quickly filled.

Long explanation:

The term '~남다 [namda]' is a verb used in Korean to express that something remains or is left over. It addresses the sense of something continuing to exist or stay in place after other components or parts have been removed, used up, or have elsewise disappeared. It can refer to quantities, physical locations, and also to more abstract concepts like time.

Detailed Grammar notes:

Processing keyword: ~남다 [namda] (To remain, be left over)

Korean Grammar Point: ~남다 [namda] (To remain, be left over)

Grammar Point: ~남다 [namda] (To remain, be left over)


Introduction

The Korean verb 남다 (namda) means "to remain" or "to be left over." It is commonly used to indicate that something is still present or exists after a certain event or period.

Core Grammar Explanation

Meaning

  • 남다 is used to express that a quantity of something continues to exist after a portion has been used or dealt with.

Structure

  • To construct a sentence using 남다, you typically combine it with a noun that represents what is remaining.

Formation

  • Structure: [Noun] + 남다
  • You can also use it to indicate duration or time.
  • Example: "시간이 남다" (to have time left).

Visual Aid

Form Example Translation
[Noun] + 남다 돈이 남았다. Money is left over.
[Noun] + 남다 일주일이 남았다. One week is remaining.
[Noun] + 남다 시간이 남지 않았어요. There is no time left.

Comparative Analysis

Similar Grammar Points

  1. ~있다 (itda): While 있다 means "to exist" or "to have," 남다 specifically indicates that something is left over after using some portion of it.
    • Example:
      • 시간이 있다 (There is time) vs. 시간이 남다 (There is time left).
  2. ~없다 (eopda): Unlike 남다, which denotes the presence of what remains, 없다 indicates absence.
    • Example:
      • 시간이 없다 (There is no time) vs. 시간이 남다 (There is time left).

Examples in Context

Sentence Examples

  1. Formal:

    • 돈이 남았습니다.
      • Translation: The money is left over.
  2. Informal:

    • 시간이 남아?
      • Translation: Do you have time left?
  3. Written:

    • 이 프로젝트에는 아직 많은 시간이 남아 있습니다.
      • Translation: There is still a lot of time left for this project.
  4. Spoken:

    • 우리가 먹고 남은 음식이 있다.
      • Translation: There is food left over after we ate.

Cultural Notes

Cultural Relevance

  • The concept of sharing and saving is relevant in Korean culture, where food left over from a meal may be shared among family or friends. Using 남다 often implies consideration of others and the importance of not wasting resources.

Levels of Politeness

  • The verb 남다 can be used in various levels of politeness depending on the context, such as in prestige or enforceable situations where politeness is crucial.

Common Mistakes and Tips

Error Analysis

  • Learners often confuse 남다 with 있다. Remember that 남다 specifically implies that something is left over, while 있다 indicates mere existence.

Learning Strategies

  • Mnemonic Device: Picture leftover food in a fridge when thinking of 남다.
  • Associate the word with a situation where something is not fully used or consumed.

Summary and Review

Key Takeaways

  • 남다 means "to remain" or "to be left over."
  • It is used with nouns to indicate what is left after some is taken away or used.
  • Pay attention to the nuance of 남다 as it relates to sharing and resourcefulness in Korean culture.

Quick Recap Quiz

  1. What does the verb 남다 mean?
  2. How is 남다 typically used in a sentence?
  3. Compare 남다 with 있다 in terms of meaning.

By understanding the usage and context of 남다, students can effectively convey the idea of what remains or is left over in various situations.

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Public Alpha version Open Source (GitHub). This site is currently undergoing active development. You may (will) encounter bugs, inconsistencies, or limited functionality. Lots of sentences might not sound natural. We are progressively addressing these issues with native speakers.


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